Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    4 He makes a lot of money.
    3 I'm an employee.
    10 This word is not used often.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    6 She applied for a job.
    5 He started his own business.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    2 I work for myself.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    2 The house sell last week.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • c He sent a job application.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    2 Many workers use it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    6 He promoted her.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    1 They saw her there.
    8 They gave us some money.
    3 She sent the message.
    5 They made him do it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    5 32
    3 5/9
    7 106
    1 2/3
    12 3,650,500
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    6 53
    4 1/2
    2 3/4
    11 0.25

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.