Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    5 He started his own business.
    7 What is meant by that?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    8 What is it called in English?
    3 I'm an employee.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    8 John has already found a job.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    1 They saw her there.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    8 They gave us some money.
    3 She sent the message.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    5 They made him do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    14 Our company employed him.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    4 1/2
    6 53
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    11 0.25
    1 2/3
    7 106
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    12 3,650,500

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    4 Bol povýšený.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.