Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    5 He started his own business.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    8 What is it called in English?
    6 She applied for a job.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.
    10 This word is not used often.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    3 I'm an employee.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 John has already found a job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    8 They gave us some money.
    9 You can eat it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    13 They hired two employees.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    2 Many workers use it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    1 They saw her there.
    5 They made him do it.
    3 She sent the message.
    14 Our company employed him.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    6 He promoted her.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    5 32
    1 2/3
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    7 106
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    4 1/2

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    3 they, room, clean
    4 he, fire her
    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.