Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    7 What is meant by that?
    10 This word is not used often.
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    8 What is it called in English?
    3 I'm an employee.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    2 The house sell last week.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    6 He promoted her.
    8 They gave us some money.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    3 She sent the message.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    14 Our company employed him.
    5 They made him do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    2 3/4
    6 53
    11 0.25
    3 5/9
    12 3,650,500
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    4 1/2
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    1 2/3
    5 32

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    4 Bol povýšený.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.