Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    7 What is meant by that?
    5 He started his own business.
    10 This word is not used often.
    2 I work for myself.
    12 They were fired.
    3 I'm an employee.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    8 What is it called in English?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    6 She applied for a job.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    8 This meat eat cooked.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    2 The house sell last week.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • h He's better off now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    13 They hired two employees.
    2 Many workers use it.
    5 They made him do it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    8 They gave us some money.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    3 She sent the message.
    9 You can eat it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    11 0.25
    6 53
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    7 106
    4 1/2
    12 3,650,500
    1 2/3
    5 32
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    8 55 + 55 = 110

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    6 she, hair, cut
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    7 Ako sa to robí?
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    3 Robím sám na seba.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.