Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 What is it called in English?
    6 She applied for a job.
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    2 I work for myself.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    10 This word is not used often.
    3 I'm an employee.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 I make more money now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    1 They saw her there.
    13 They hired two employees.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    5 They made him do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    12 3,650,500
    1 2/3
    3 5/9
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    4 1/2
    7 106
    2 3/4
    5 32
    6 53
    11 0.25

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    12 Zmokneš. wet
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    4 he, fire her
    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    6 Boli potrestaní.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.