Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    8 What is it called in English?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    5 He started his own business.
    7 What is meant by that?
    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    6 She applied for a job.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    4 He makes a lot of money.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    6 He promoted her.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    9 You can eat it.
    5 They made him do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    1 They saw her there.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    3 She sent the message.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    3 5/9
    4 1/2
    2 3/4
    5 32
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    7 106
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    6 53
    12 3,650,500
    1 2/3
    11 0.25

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    1 I, car, repair
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.