Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    8 What is it called in English?
    6 She applied for a job.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    7 What is meant by that?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    10 This word is not used often.
    5 He started his own business.
    3 I'm an employee.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 I make more money now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • h Hnevá ma to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    9 You can eat it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    6 He promoted her.
    8 They gave us some money.
    1 They saw her there.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    5 They made him do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    3 She sent the message.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    13 They hired two employees.
    14 Our company employed him.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    11 0.25
    7 106
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    1 2/3
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    12 3,650,500
    6 53
    4 1/2
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    4 he, fire her
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.