Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 What is it called in English?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    10 This word is not used often.
    12 They were fired.
    5 He started his own business.
    3 I'm an employee.
    2 I work for myself.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    7 What is meant by that?
    6 She applied for a job.
    1 What do you do for a living?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • d Nelepší sa to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.
    2 Many workers use it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    3 She sent the message.
    9 You can eat it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    1 They saw her there.
    5 They made him do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    6 53
    7 106
    5 32
    1 2/3
    3 5/9
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    11 0.25
    2 3/4
    12 3,650,500
    4 1/2
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    12 Zmokneš. wet

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    7 he, his jacket, wash
    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut
    8 we, the table, make
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    3 Robím sám na seba.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.