Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    7 What is meant by that?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    8 What is it called in English?
    5 He started his own business.
    3 I'm an employee.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    10 This word is not used often.
    11 He's employed by our company.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    9 You can eat it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    6 He promoted her.
    13 They hired two employees.
    1 They saw her there.
    5 They made him do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    8 They gave us some money.
    14 Our company employed him.
    3 She sent the message.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    11 0.25
    4 1/2
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    7 106
    1 2/3
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    12 3,650,500
    5 32
    9 35 - 20 = 15

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    3 Opili sa. drunk

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    6 she, hair, cut
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    7 Ako sa to robí?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    3 Robím sám na seba.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.