Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    5 He started his own business.
    6 She applied for a job.
    3 I'm an employee.
    10 This word is not used often.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    6 He promoted her.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    5 They made him do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    1 They saw her there.
    3 She sent the message.
    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    9 You can eat it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    10 27 : 9 = 3
    12 3,650,500
    4 1/2
    5 32
    1 2/3
    11 0.25
    7 106
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    3 5/9
    6 53
    2 3/4

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.