Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    5 He started his own business.
    7 What is meant by that?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    3 I'm an employee.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    8 What is it called in English?
    12 They were fired.
    10 This word is not used often.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    6 Jack got the job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    2 The house sell last week.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    2 Many workers use it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    1 They saw her there.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    9 You can eat it.
    5 They made him do it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    3 She sent the message.
    14 Our company employed him.
    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    6 He promoted her.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    4 1/2
    6 53
    1 2/3
    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    5 32
    3 5/9
    11 0.25
    7 106

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    7 Preslávila sa. famous

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    3 they, room, clean
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    1 I, car, repair
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    6 she, hair, cut
    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    4 he, fire her

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.