Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    3 I'm an employee.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    2 I work for myself.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    8 What is it called in English?
    10 This word is not used often.
    5 He started his own business.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.
    6 She applied for a job.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    2 The house sell last week.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    12 Nobody ever found it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    1 They saw her there.
    14 Our company employed him.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    13 They hired two employees.
    6 He promoted her.
    5 They made him do it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    3 She sent the message.
    9 You can eat it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    10 27 : 9 = 3
    2 3/4
    12 3,650,500
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    3 5/9
    1 2/3
    11 0.25
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    6 53
    7 106
    4 1/2

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    1 I, car, repair
    6 she, hair, cut
    8 we, the table, make
    4 he, fire her

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.