Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 What is it called in English?
    5 He started his own business.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    3 I'm an employee.
    6 She applied for a job.
    2 I work for myself.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    7 What is meant by that?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    12 They were fired.
    10 This word is not used often.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    7 I make more money now.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    6 He promoted her.
    9 You can eat it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    3 She sent the message.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.
    1 They saw her there.
    5 They made him do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    9 35 - 20 = 15
    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4
    7 106
    4 1/2
    1 2/3
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    5 32
    6 53
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    3 5/9
    11 0.25

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.