Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    2 I work for myself.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    10 This word is not used often.
    12 They were fired.
    3 I'm an employee.
    5 He started his own business.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    8 John has already found a job.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • h Hnevá ma to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    4 Someone told him to do it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    2 Many workers use it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    1 They saw her there.
    3 She sent the message.
    5 They made him do it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    9 You can eat it.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    13 They hired two employees.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    5 32
    4 1/2
    6 53
    3 5/9
    11 0.25
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    12 3,650,500
    7 106
    2 3/4
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    1 2/3

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    1 Čím sa živíte?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.