Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    7 What is meant by that?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    8 What is it called in English?
    2 I work for myself.
    10 This word is not used often.
    6 She applied for a job.
    12 They were fired.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    3 I'm an employee.
    5 He started his own business.
    11 He's employed by our company.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    5 They made him do it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    3 She sent the message.
    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    2 Many workers use it.
    6 He promoted her.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    10 27 : 9 = 3
    11 0.25
    2 3/4
    7 106
    12 3,650,500
    6 53
    3 5/9
    4 1/2
    1 2/3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    8 55 + 55 = 110

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    1 Stmieva sa. dark

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    4 he, fire her
    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    1 I, car, repair
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    4 Bol povýšený.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.