Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 He started his own business.
    6 She applied for a job.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    10 This word is not used often.
    7 What is meant by that?
    3 I'm an employee.
    8 What is it called in English?
    12 They were fired.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    4 To rád počujem. glad

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    6 He promoted her.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    5 They made him do it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    3 She sent the message.
    14 Our company employed him.
    1 They saw her there.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    7 106
    11 0.25
    5 32
    4 1/2
    6 53
    3 5/9
    1 2/3
    2 3/4
    12 3,650,500
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    8 55 + 55 = 110

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    12 Zmokneš. wet

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    1 I, car, repair
    8 we, the table, make
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.