Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    10 This word is not used often.
    8 What is it called in English?
    2 I work for myself.
    5 He started his own business.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    3 I'm an employee.
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    6 She applied for a job.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 Jane works for herself.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    4 To rád počujem. glad
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    14 Our company employed him.
    2 Many workers use it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    5 They made him do it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.
    8 They gave us some money.
    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    13 They hired two employees.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    9 You can eat it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    4 1/2
    5 32
    12 3,650,500
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    7 106
    3 5/9
    11 0.25
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    2 3/4
    1 2/3
    8 55 + 55 = 110

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    6 she, hair, cut
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    8 we, the table, make
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    6 Boli potrestaní.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.