Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    5 He started his own business.
    10 This word is not used often.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    8 What is it called in English?
    12 They were fired.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    3 I'm an employee.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    2 I work for myself.
    7 What is meant by that?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 Jane works for herself.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    5 They made him do it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    13 They hired two employees.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    8 They gave us some money.
    2 Many workers use it.
    9 You can eat it.
    1 They saw her there.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    11 0.25
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    12 3,650,500
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    7 106
    2 3/4
    4 1/2
    3 5/9
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    1 2/3
    6 53
    5 32

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    7 Ako sa to robí?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.