Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    6 She applied for a job.
    2 I work for myself.
    12 They were fired.
    8 What is it called in English?
    5 He started his own business.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    3 I'm an employee.
    7 What is meant by that?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    10 This word is not used often.
    4 He makes a lot of money.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    2 The house sell last week.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    4 Someone told him to do it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    2 Many workers use it.
    9 You can eat it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    6 He promoted her.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    3 She sent the message.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    1 They saw her there.
    13 They hired two employees.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    5 They made him do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    4 1/2
    2 3/4
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    6 53
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    3 5/9
    7 106
    5 32
    1 2/3

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    12 Zmokneš. wet
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    5 we, food, bring to our room
    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    4 he, fire her
    3 they, room, clean
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.