Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    10 This word is not used often.
    12 They were fired.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    7 What is meant by that?
    6 She applied for a job.
    5 He started his own business.
    2 I work for myself.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    8 What is it called in English?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    4 To rád počujem. glad
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    6 He promoted her.
    8 They gave us some money.
    5 They made him do it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    1 They saw her there.
    2 Many workers use it.
    3 She sent the message.
    9 You can eat it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    9 35 - 20 = 15
    11 0.25
    5 32
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    6 53
    3 5/9
    7 106
    4 1/2
    1 2/3
    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    8 we, the table, make
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.