Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 He started his own business.
    6 She applied for a job.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    12 They were fired.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    10 This word is not used often.
    3 I'm an employee.
    2 I work for myself.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    7 What is meant by that?
    8 What is it called in English?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • f Naštval sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    12 Nobody ever found it.
    1 They saw her there.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    5 They made him do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    3 She sent the message.
    8 They gave us some money.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    13 They hired two employees.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    10 27 : 9 = 3
    7 106
    4 1/2
    5 32
    12 3,650,500
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    2 3/4
    1 2/3
    11 0.25
    3 5/9
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    6 53

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    8 we, the table, make
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    6 she, hair, cut
    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.