Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    11 He's employed by our company.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    2 I work for myself.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    6 She applied for a job.
    5 He started his own business.
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.
    8 What is it called in English?
    3 I'm an employee.
    10 This word is not used often.
    4 He makes a lot of money.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    2 The house sell last week.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    1 They saw her there.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    3 She sent the message.
    5 They made him do it.
    13 They hired two employees.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    1 2/3
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    2 3/4
    12 3,650,500
    7 106
    3 5/9
    6 53
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    4 1/2
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    11 0.25

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    12 Zmokneš. wet

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    6 she, hair, cut
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.