Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 He started his own business.
    10 This word is not used often.
    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    7 What is meant by that?
    3 I'm an employee.
    12 They were fired.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    8 What is it called in English?
    11 He's employed by our company.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • h He's better off now.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    13 They hired two employees.
    2 Many workers use it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    9 You can eat it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    5 They made him do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    1 They saw her there.
    12 Nobody ever found it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    4 1/2
    12 3,650,500
    6 53
    1 2/3
    11 0.25
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    7 106

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    4 Lepšíš sa. better

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    5 we, food, bring to our room
    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.