Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    8 What is it called in English?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    10 This word is not used often.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    5 He started his own business.
    3 I'm an employee.
    2 I work for myself.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    2 The house sell last week.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    5 They made him do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    1 They saw her there.
    6 He promoted her.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    3 She sent the message.
    8 They gave us some money.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    2 3/4
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    12 3,650,500
    11 0.25
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    4 1/2
    5 32
    1 2/3
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    6 53
    3 5/9

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Opili sa. drunk
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    1 Čím sa živíte?
    4 Bol povýšený.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.