Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    6 She applied for a job.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    3 I'm an employee.
    2 I work for myself.
    8 What is it called in English?
    5 He started his own business.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.
    10 This word is not used often.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    5 They made him do it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.
    8 They gave us some money.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    14 Our company employed him.
    2 Many workers use it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    1 2/3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    5 32
    4 1/2
    7 106
    3 5/9
    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4
    6 53
    11 0.25
    10 27 : 9 = 3

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    7 Ako sa to robí?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.