Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.
    6 She applied for a job.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    3 I'm an employee.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    5 He started his own business.
    10 This word is not used often.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 Jane works for herself.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    2 The house sell last week.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    4 To rád počujem. glad

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    8 They gave us some money.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    3 She sent the message.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    2 Many workers use it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    6 He promoted her.
    5 They made him do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    11 0.25
    4 1/2
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    6 53
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    5 32
    1 2/3
    12 3,650,500
    7 106
    2 3/4
    3 5/9

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    3 Opili sa. drunk

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    4 he, fire her
    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    6 she, hair, cut
    8 we, the table, make
    7 he, his jacket, wash

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.