Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 He started his own business.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    7 What is meant by that?
    8 What is it called in English?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    3 I'm an employee.
    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    6 She applied for a job.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    6 Jack got the job.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    2 The house sell last week.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    14 Our company employed him.
    2 Many workers use it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    3 She sent the message.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    1 They saw her there.
    9 You can eat it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    13 They hired two employees.
    8 They gave us some money.
    5 They made him do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    2 3/4
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    5 32
    3 5/9
    1 2/3
    4 1/2
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    7 106

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    6 she, hair, cut
    3 they, room, clean
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    7 he, his jacket, wash

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    3 Robím sám na seba.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.