Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    10 This word is not used often.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    7 What is meant by that?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    5 He started his own business.
    3 I'm an employee.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    6 She applied for a job.
    8 What is it called in English?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    12 Nobody ever found it.
    1 They saw her there.
    2 Many workers use it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    3 She sent the message.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    13 They hired two employees.
    9 You can eat it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    5 They made him do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    7 106
    3 5/9
    11 0.25
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    4 1/2
    1 2/3
    5 32
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    12 Zmokneš. wet
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    8 we, the table, make
    2 my parents, new house, build
    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    3 they, room, clean
    4 he, fire her

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.