Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 They were fired.
    3 I'm an employee.
    6 She applied for a job.
    8 What is it called in English?
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    7 What is meant by that?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    10 This word is not used often.
    2 I work for myself.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    6 Jack got the job.
    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    8 This meat eat cooked.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • h He's better off now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • c He sent a job application.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    12 Nobody ever found it.
    3 She sent the message.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    13 They hired two employees.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    2 Many workers use it.
    5 They made him do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    1 They saw her there.
    8 They gave us some money.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    2 3/4
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    4 1/2
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    7 106
    1 2/3
    3 5/9
    6 53
    5 32

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    3 Opili sa. drunk

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    8 we, the table, make
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    4 he, fire her
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.