Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    5 He started his own business.
    8 What is it called in English?
    3 I'm an employee.
    7 What is meant by that?
    10 This word is not used often.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    8 This meat eat cooked.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    13 They hired two employees.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    8 They gave us some money.
    9 You can eat it.
    6 He promoted her.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    2 Many workers use it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    3 She sent the message.
    5 They made him do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    9 35 - 20 = 15
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    5 32
    11 0.25
    7 106
    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4
    4 1/2
    3 5/9
    1 2/3
    6 53
    10 27 : 9 = 3

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.