Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    2 I work for myself.
    12 They were fired.
    8 What is it called in English?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    5 He started his own business.
    7 What is meant by that?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    10 This word is not used often.
    4 He makes a lot of money.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    8 This meat eat cooked.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    2 The house sell last week.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    5 They made him do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    9 You can eat it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    13 They hired two employees.
    2 Many workers use it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    6 He promoted her.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    3 She sent the message.
    8 They gave us some money.
    14 Our company employed him.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    1 2/3
    11 0.25
    3 5/9
    12 3,650,500
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    7 106
    4 1/2
    2 3/4
    5 32
    9 35 - 20 = 15

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    6 she, hair, cut
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    1 I, car, repair
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    4 Bol povýšený.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.