Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    2 I work for myself.
    8 What is it called in English?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    3 I'm an employee.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    5 He started his own business.
    12 They were fired.
    7 What is meant by that?
    10 This word is not used often.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • f Naštval sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • a He's unemployed.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    14 Our company employed him.
    2 Many workers use it.
    5 They made him do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    13 They hired two employees.
    8 They gave us some money.
    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    9 You can eat it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    3 She sent the message.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    2 3/4
    1 2/3
    12 3,650,500
    6 53
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    4 1/2
    3 5/9
    7 106
    11 0.25
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    5 32

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    1 Stmieva sa. dark

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    1 I, car, repair
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    4 Bol povýšený.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.