Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    8 What is it called in English?
    12 They were fired.
    5 He started his own business.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    7 What is meant by that?
    10 This word is not used often.
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 I make more money now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    8 John has already found a job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    5 They made him do it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    3 She sent the message.
    2 Many workers use it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    9 You can eat it.
    1 They saw her there.
    8 They gave us some money.
    6 He promoted her.
    13 They hired two employees.
    14 Our company employed him.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    7 106
    12 3,650,500
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    4 1/2
    2 3/4
    11 0.25
    6 53
    1 2/3
    3 5/9
    5 32

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    6 she, hair, cut
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    6 Boli potrestaní.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.