Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 What is it called in English?
    12 They were fired.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    7 What is meant by that?
    3 I'm an employee.
    10 This word is not used often.
    5 He started his own business.
    2 I work for myself.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    6 Jack got the job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    9 You can eat it.
    3 She sent the message.
    8 They gave us some money.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    5 They made him do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    14 Our company employed him.
    1 They saw her there.
    2 Many workers use it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    13 They hired two employees.
    6 He promoted her.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    6 53
    1 2/3
    5 32
    7 106
    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    11 0.25
    4 1/2
    3 5/9
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    12 3,650,500

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    3 they, room, clean
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.