Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    10 This word is not used often.
    3 I'm an employee.
    6 She applied for a job.
    7 What is meant by that?
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    8 What is it called in English?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    2 Many workers use it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    3 She sent the message.
    13 They hired two employees.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    5 They made him do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    9 You can eat it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    1 2/3
    6 53
    12 3,650,500
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    4 1/2
    2 3/4
    3 5/9
    5 32
    11 0.25

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.