Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    2 I work for myself.
    10 This word is not used often.
    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    5 He started his own business.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 Jane works for herself.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    4 To rád počujem. glad

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    2 Many workers use it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    8 They gave us some money.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    5 They made him do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    3 She sent the message.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    4 1/2
    6 53
    11 0.25
    3 5/9
    1 2/3
    2 3/4
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    7 106
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    12 3,650,500

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    12 Zmokneš. wet
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    7 Preslávila sa. famous

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    7 he, his jacket, wash
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    3 they, room, clean
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.