Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    10 This word is not used often.
    8 What is it called in English?
    3 I'm an employee.
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    7 What is meant by that?
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    6 She applied for a job.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 I make more money now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • f Naštval sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    2 The house sell last week.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • h He's better off now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    5 They made him do it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    1 They saw her there.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    9 You can eat it.
    3 She sent the message.
    13 They hired two employees.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    6 He promoted her.
    8 They gave us some money.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    3 5/9
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    6 53
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    4 1/2
    11 0.25
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    1 2/3
    5 32
    2 3/4
    12 3,650,500
    7 106

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    4 Lepšíš sa. better

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    4 Bol povýšený.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.