Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    14 Merry Xmas!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 It's a deal!
    10 You should've known that.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    2 It's not my fault.
    9 He could've asked.
    3 I had no idea.
    11 Here's to you!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    12 All the best!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • c Only ten students passed it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • h We met recently.
    • b Neither will I.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    14 You should do that. you
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    6 I don't know. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    8 I hate him. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    1 I'm not tired. I
    4 They won't come. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    5 I must go now. we
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    11 I can't go on. we

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    2 I won't comment that.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    1 I cannot come. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.