Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    7 Have you been drinking?
    9 He could've asked.
    11 Here's to you!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    4 It's a deal!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    2 It's not my fault.
    12 All the best!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    3 I had no idea.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    10 You should've known that.
    14 Merry Xmas!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • e You should have told me.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • g We're still together.
    • b Neither will I.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • h We met recently.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    8 I hate him. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    4 They won't come. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    2 I'll be there. John
    11 I can't go on. we
    6 I don't know. I
    14 You should do that. you
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    5 I must go now. we
    9 We don't agree. they

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    4 John can't drive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    2 I won't comment that.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    2 You must wait. future simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.