Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    12 All the best!
    4 It's a deal!
    2 It's not my fault.
    3 I had no idea.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    10 You should've known that.
    9 He could've asked.
    14 Merry Xmas!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • b Neither will I.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • h We met recently.
    • g We're still together.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    9 We don't agree. they
    3 They don't like it. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    5 I must go now. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    11 I can't go on. we
    6 I don't know. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    8 I hate him. I
    14 You should do that. you
    1 I'm not tired. I
    4 They won't come. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    5 Jane told you, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    2 I won't comment that.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.