Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He could've asked.
    4 It's a deal!
    3 I had no idea.
    11 Here's to you!
    12 All the best!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    10 You should've known that.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    14 Merry Xmas!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • e You should have told me.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • d They must have seen it too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • h We met recently.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    4 They won't come. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    6 I don't know. I
    14 You should do that. you
    3 They don't like it. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    11 I can't go on. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    8 I hate him. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    5 I must go now. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    9 I should call him, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    2 I won't comment that.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    1 I cannot come. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.