Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    4 It's a deal!
    12 All the best!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    7 Have you been drinking?
    3 I had no idea.
    10 You should've known that.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    9 He could've asked.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • e You should have told me.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.
    • g We're still together.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    2 I'll be there. John
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    9 We don't agree. they
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    8 I hate him. I
    6 I don't know. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    4 They won't come. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    14 You should do that. you
    1 I'm not tired. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    5 Jane told you, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    2 I won't comment that.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    7 You should know that. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.