Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    2 It's not my fault.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    4 It's a deal!
    10 You should've known that.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    3 I had no idea.
    11 Here's to you!
    9 He could've asked.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    12 All the best!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    9 What do you want Christmas?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • f I would have helped him.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • e You should have told me.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • h We met recently.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • c I don't want a car.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    14 You should do that. you
    9 We don't agree. they
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    6 I don't know. I
    8 I hate him. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    4 They won't come. I
    5 I must go now. we
    3 They don't like it. we
    11 I can't go on. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    1 I'm not tired. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    4 John can't drive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    2 I won't comment that.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    10 They become independent. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.