Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 He could've asked.
    2 It's not my fault.
    10 You should've known that.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    12 All the best!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    4 It's a deal!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    3 I had no idea.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • e You should have told me.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • h We met recently.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • b Neither will I.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    5 I must go now. we
    1 I'm not tired. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    8 I hate him. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    2 I'll be there. John
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    14 You should do that. you
    9 We don't agree. they
    6 I don't know. I
    4 They won't come. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    11 I can't go on. we

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    8 You're running late. You should up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    2 I won't comment that.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    10 They become independent. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.