Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    11 Here's to you!
    2 It's not my fault.
    9 He could've asked.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    3 I had no idea.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    12 All the best!
    10 You should've known that.
    4 It's a deal!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • e You should have told me.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.
    • h We met recently.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • d I'm feeling fine.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    4 They won't come. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    1 I'm not tired. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    3 They don't like it. we
    11 I can't go on. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    5 I must go now. we
    8 I hate him. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    14 You should do that. you
    6 I don't know. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    9 I should call him, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    2 I won't comment that.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    9 That would help us. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    10 They become independent. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.