Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I had no idea.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    11 Here's to you!
    2 It's not my fault.
    9 He could've asked.
    4 It's a deal!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    10 You should've known that.
    12 All the best!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • e You should have told me.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.
    • h We met recently.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • d I'm feeling fine.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    4 They won't come. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    6 I don't know. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    5 I must go now. we
    11 I can't go on. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    2 I'll be there. John
    8 I hate him. I
    14 You should do that. you

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    2 I won't comment that.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    5 We can ask him. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    10 They become independent. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.