Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 Whose birthday is it?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    2 It's not my fault.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    4 It's a deal!
    9 He could've asked.
    3 I had no idea.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    10 You should've known that.
    11 Here's to you!
    12 All the best!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • e You should have told me.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • h We met recently.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • g We're still together.
    • b Neither will I.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • e I got no gifts.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    14 You should do that. you
    4 They won't come. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    11 I can't go on. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    6 I don't know. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    2 I'll be there. John
    8 I hate him. I
    1 I'm not tired. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    8 Frank has a hangover.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    5 Jane told you, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    2 I won't comment that.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    9 That would help us. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    10 They become independent. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.