Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    2 It's not my fault.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    10 You should've known that.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He could've asked.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    4 It's a deal!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    12 All the best!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    3 I had no idea.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    11 Here's to you!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • e You should have told me.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • f I would have helped him.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • g We're still together.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • h We met recently.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • b Neither will I.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • c I don't want a car.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    2 I'll be there. John
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    6 I don't know. I
    8 I hate him. I
    5 I must go now. we
    3 They don't like it. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    11 I can't go on. we
    4 They won't come. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    14 You should do that. you
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    1 I'm not tired. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    8 Frank has a hangover.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    8 You're running late. You should up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    3 His parents know about it, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    2 I won't comment that.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    7 You should know that. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    2 You must wait. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.