Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 He could've asked.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    3 I had no idea.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    7 Have you been drinking?
    4 It's a deal!
    12 All the best!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    10 You should've known that.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    11 Here's to you!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    5 I met her the train to London.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • f I would have helped him.
    • e You should have told me.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • b Neither will I.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • h We met recently.
    • g We're still together.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    5 I must go now. we
    8 I hate him. I
    4 They won't come. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    6 I don't know. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    9 We don't agree. they
    14 You should do that. you

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    2 I won't comment that.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    5 We can ask him. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.