Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    12 All the best!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    11 Here's to you!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    4 It's a deal!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    3 I had no idea.
    10 You should've known that.
    9 He could've asked.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    2 It's not my fault.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • e You should have told me.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.
    • b Neither will I.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    5 I must go now. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    4 They won't come. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    6 I don't know. I
    8 I hate him. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    14 You should do that. you
    11 I can't go on. we
    2 I'll be there. John

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    2 I won't comment that.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    2 You must wait. future simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.