Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 He could've asked.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    3 I had no idea.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    12 All the best!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    4 It's a deal!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    11 Here's to you!
    2 It's not my fault.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    10 You should've known that.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • e You should have told me.
    • f I would have helped him.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • g We're still together.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • b Neither will I.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    8 I hate him. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    5 I must go now. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    4 They won't come. I
    14 You should do that. you
    6 I don't know. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    3 They don't like it. we
    1 I'm not tired. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    2 I won't comment that.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    7 You should know that. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    2 You must wait. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.