Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 All the best!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    2 It's not my fault.
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    9 He could've asked.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    4 It's a deal!
    3 I had no idea.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    10 You should've known that.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    9 What do you want Christmas?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    5 I met her the train to London.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • f I would have helped him.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • e You should have told me.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • g We're still together.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • b Neither will I.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • h We met recently.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    2 I'll be there. John
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    4 They won't come. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    8 I hate him. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    6 I don't know. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    14 You should do that. you
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    2 I won't comment that.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    2 You must wait. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.