Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    2 It's not my fault.
    12 All the best!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 It's a deal!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    9 He could've asked.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    11 Here's to you!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    10 You should've known that.
    3 I had no idea.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • e You should have told me.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • g We're still together.
    • b Neither will I.
    • h We met recently.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    2 I'll be there. John
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    14 You should do that. you
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    1 I'm not tired. I
    4 They won't come. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    8 I hate him. I
    6 I don't know. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    3 They don't like it. we

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 Frank has a hangover.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    8 They weren't angry, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    2 I won't comment that.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    5 We can ask him. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    10 They become independent. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.