Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I had no idea.
    9 He could've asked.
    10 You should've known that.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    11 Here's to you!
    12 All the best!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 It's not my fault.
    4 It's a deal!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    6 It's been raining for two days.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    9 What do you want Christmas?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • h We met recently.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    1 I'm not tired. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    8 I hate him. I
    6 I don't know. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    14 You should do that. you
    5 I must go now. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    3 They don't like it. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    4 They won't come. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    2 I won't comment that.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    10 They become independent. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.