Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 Whose birthday is it?
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    9 He could've asked.
    2 It's not my fault.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    10 You should've known that.
    3 I had no idea.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    11 Here's to you!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    4 It's a deal!
    12 All the best!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I met her the train to London.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • e You should have told me.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • h We met recently.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • g We're still together.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    11 I can't go on. we
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    8 I hate him. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    14 You should do that. you
    9 We don't agree. they
    4 They won't come. I
    6 I don't know. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    3 They don't like it. we

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    8 Frank has a hangover.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    5 Jane told you, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    2 I won't comment that.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    2 You must wait. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.