Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 All the best!
    10 You should've known that.
    3 I had no idea.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    11 Here's to you!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    4 It's a deal!
    2 It's not my fault.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    9 He could've asked.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    6 It's been raining for two days.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • e You should have told me.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • g We're still together.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.
    • b Neither will I.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • e I got no gifts.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    14 You should do that. you
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    5 I must go now. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    2 I'll be there. John
    3 They don't like it. we
    6 I don't know. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    11 I can't go on. we
    8 I hate him. I
    4 They won't come. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    2 I won't comment that.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    5 We can ask him. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    3 I'll send it. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.