Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I had no idea.
    4 It's a deal!
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    10 You should've known that.
    9 He could've asked.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    2 It's not my fault.
    12 All the best!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • e You should have told me.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    6 I don't know. I
    5 I must go now. we
    11 I can't go on. we
    8 I hate him. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    4 They won't come. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    1 I'm not tired. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    14 You should do that. you

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    6 You'll be there too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    2 I won't comment that.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    2 You must wait. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.