Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    2 It's not my fault.
    9 He could've asked.
    3 I had no idea.
    4 It's a deal!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    10 You should've known that.
    12 All the best!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    14 Merry Xmas!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    6 He was robbed all his money.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • e You should have told me.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • f I would have helped him.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • g We're still together.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • h We met recently.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • c I don't want a car.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    9 We don't agree. they
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    3 They don't like it. we
    14 You should do that. you
    8 I hate him. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    4 They won't come. I
    6 I don't know. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    2 I'll be there. John

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    10 I'm invited too, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    9 I should call him, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    2 I won't comment that.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    10 They become independent. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.