Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    14 Merry Xmas!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    11 Here's to you!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    4 It's a deal!
    10 You should've known that.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He could've asked.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    2 It's not my fault.
    12 All the best!
    3 I had no idea.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • e You should have told me.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • b Neither will I.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • g We're still together.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • h We met recently.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • e I got no gifts.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    3 They don't like it. we
    6 I don't know. I
    5 I must go now. we
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    4 They won't come. I
    8 I hate him. I
    14 You should do that. you

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    2 I won't comment that.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.