Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 Whose birthday is it?
    10 You should've known that.
    2 It's not my fault.
    11 Here's to you!
    9 He could've asked.
    3 I had no idea.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    12 All the best!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 It's a deal!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    6 It's been raining for two days.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • g We're still together.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • h We met recently.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • b Neither will I.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    11 I can't go on. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    8 I hate him. I
    5 I must go now. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    6 I don't know. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    4 They won't come. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    3 They don't like it. we
    14 You should do that. you

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    8 They weren't angry, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    2 I won't comment that.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.