Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I had no idea.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    11 Here's to you!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    9 He could've asked.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    4 It's a deal!
    2 It's not my fault.
    10 You should've known that.
    12 All the best!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    6 He was robbed all his money.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • h We met recently.
    • g We're still together.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • b Neither will I.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    3 They don't like it. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    11 I can't go on. we
    5 I must go now. we
    1 I'm not tired. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    14 You should do that. you
    4 They won't come. I
    8 I hate him. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    6 I don't know. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    8 Frank has a hangover.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    6 You'll be there too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    2 I won't comment that.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    9 That would help us. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    10 They become independent. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.