Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    4 It's a deal!
    9 He could've asked.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    10 You should've known that.
    2 It's not my fault.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    3 I had no idea.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    12 All the best!
    1 Whose birthday is it?

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • e You should have told me.
    • d They must have seen it too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • g We're still together.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • h We met recently.
    • e I got no gifts.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    6 I don't know. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    8 I hate him. I
    4 They won't come. I
    5 I must go now. we
    3 They don't like it. we
    14 You should do that. you
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    8 Frank has a hangover.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    10 I'm invited too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    9 I should call him, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    2 I won't comment that.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    2 You must wait. future simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.