Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    12 All the best!
    3 I had no idea.
    4 It's a deal!
    2 It's not my fault.
    10 You should've known that.
    9 He could've asked.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    11 Here's to you!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • e You should have told me.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • h We met recently.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • g We're still together.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • b Neither will I.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    1 I'm not tired. I
    14 You should do that. you
    6 I don't know. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    5 I must go now. we
    11 I can't go on. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    2 I'll be there. John
    4 They won't come. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    8 I hate him. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    3 His parents know about it, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    2 I won't comment that.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.