Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    7 Have you been drinking?
    9 He could've asked.
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    12 All the best!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    4 It's a deal!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    10 You should've known that.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    11 Here's to you!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    3 I had no idea.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • e You should have told me.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • g We're still together.
    • h We met recently.
    • b Neither will I.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    1 I'm not tired. I
    8 I hate him. I
    6 I don't know. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    4 They won't come. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    3 They don't like it. we
    14 You should do that. you
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    5 I must go now. we

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    9 I should call him, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    2 I won't comment that.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.