Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    4 It's a deal!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    10 You should've known that.
    9 He could've asked.
    11 Here's to you!
    12 All the best!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    7 Have you been drinking?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    3 I had no idea.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 It's not my fault.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • e You should have told me.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • g We're still together.
    • b Neither will I.
    • h We met recently.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    8 I hate him. I
    4 They won't come. I
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    11 I can't go on. we
    6 I don't know. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    14 You should do that. you
    3 They don't like it. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    9 We don't agree. they
    2 I'll be there. John

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    9 I should call him, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    2 I won't comment that.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    5 We can ask him. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.