Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    6 It's been raining for two days.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    4 It's a deal!
    3 I had no idea.
    2 It's not my fault.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    11 Here's to you!
    9 He could've asked.
    12 All the best!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    10 You should've known that.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • b Neither will I.
    • h We met recently.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • g We're still together.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • a I don't eat red meat.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    5 I must go now. we
    11 I can't go on. we
    2 I'll be there. John
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    8 I hate him. I
    14 You should do that. you
    3 They don't like it. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    9 We don't agree. they
    6 I don't know. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    4 They won't come. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    2 I won't comment that.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    9 That would help us. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.