Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    2 It's not my fault.
    3 I had no idea.
    12 All the best!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    11 Here's to you!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    9 He could've asked.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    4 It's a deal!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    10 You should've known that.
    6 It's been raining for two days.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • e You should have told me.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • f I would have helped him.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • h We met recently.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    6 I don't know. I
    4 They won't come. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    14 You should do that. you
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    1 I'm not tired. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    2 I'll be there. John
    8 I hate him. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    6 You'll be there too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    2 I won't comment that.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.