Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    11 Here's to you!
    10 You should've known that.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    12 All the best!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    2 It's not my fault.
    9 He could've asked.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    3 I had no idea.
    4 It's a deal!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • e You should have told me.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • b Neither will I.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • g We're still together.
    • h We met recently.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    9 We don't agree. they
    14 You should do that. you
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    4 They won't come. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    11 I can't go on. we
    6 I don't know. I
    8 I hate him. I
    2 I'll be there. John

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    8 They weren't angry, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    2 I won't comment that.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    5 We can ask him. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    10 They become independent. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    2 You must wait. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.