Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    14 Merry Xmas!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    2 It's not my fault.
    12 All the best!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    11 Here's to you!
    9 He could've asked.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    3 I had no idea.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    4 It's a deal!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    10 You should've known that.
    1 Whose birthday is it?

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • e You should have told me.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • h We met recently.
    • g We're still together.
    • b Neither will I.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    1 I'm not tired. I
    5 I must go now. we
    14 You should do that. you
    3 They don't like it. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    2 I'll be there. John
    6 I don't know. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    4 They won't come. I
    8 I hate him. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    3 His parents know about it, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    2 I won't comment that.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    10 They become independent. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.