Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 He could've asked.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    12 All the best!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    10 You should've known that.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    2 It's not my fault.
    3 I had no idea.
    4 It's a deal!
    11 Here's to you!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    14 Merry Xmas!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • b Neither will I.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • g We're still together.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • h We met recently.
    • d I'm feeling fine.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    8 I hate him. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    6 I don't know. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    1 I'm not tired. I
    4 They won't come. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    5 I must go now. we
    14 You should do that. you
    9 We don't agree. they
    3 They don't like it. we

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    2 I won't comment that.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    5 We can ask him. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.