Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    14 Merry Xmas!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    2 It's not my fault.
    12 All the best!
    4 It's a deal!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    10 You should've known that.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    11 Here's to you!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    3 I had no idea.
    9 He could've asked.
    1 Whose birthday is it?

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • h We met recently.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • b Neither will I.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • g We're still together.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    6 I don't know. I
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    8 I hate him. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    11 I can't go on. we
    1 I'm not tired. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    4 They won't come. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    14 You should do that. you
    3 They don't like it. we

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 Frank has a hangover.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    10 I'm invited too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    2 I won't comment that.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    5 We can ask him. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.