Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    10 You should've known that.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    3 I had no idea.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    7 Have you been drinking?
    11 Here's to you!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He could've asked.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    4 It's a deal!
    2 It's not my fault.
    12 All the best!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • e You should have told me.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • b Neither will I.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • h We met recently.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    5 I must go now. we
    3 They don't like it. we
    14 You should do that. you
    11 I can't go on. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    6 I don't know. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    8 I hate him. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    4 They won't come. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    2 I'll be there. John

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    9 I should call him, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    2 I won't comment that.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    10 They become independent. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.