Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 All the best!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    2 It's not my fault.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    3 I had no idea.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 It's a deal!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    9 He could've asked.
    10 You should've known that.
    11 Here's to you!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    9 What do you want Christmas?
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • e You should have told me.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • h We met recently.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • g We're still together.
    • b Neither will I.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    9 We don't agree. they
    2 I'll be there. John
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    11 I can't go on. we
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    8 I hate him. I
    5 I must go now. we
    4 They won't come. I
    14 You should do that. you
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    3 They don't like it. we
    6 I don't know. I
    1 I'm not tired. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    9 I should call him, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    2 I won't comment that.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.