Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    11 Here's to you!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    9 He could've asked.
    12 All the best!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    3 I had no idea.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    10 You should've known that.
    4 It's a deal!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • f I would have helped him.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • e You should have told me.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • g We're still together.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    1 I'm not tired. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    3 They don't like it. we
    4 They won't come. I
    14 You should do that. you
    9 We don't agree. they
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    11 I can't go on. we
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    8 I hate him. I
    6 I don't know. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    2 I won't comment that.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.