Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 All the best!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    2 It's not my fault.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    3 I had no idea.
    4 It's a deal!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    9 He could've asked.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    10 You should've known that.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    11 Here's to you!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    9 What do you want Christmas?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    6 He was robbed all his money.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.
    • h We met recently.
    • d I'm feeling fine.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    14 You should do that. you
    6 I don't know. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    8 I hate him. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    5 I must go now. we
    3 They don't like it. we
    4 They won't come. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    2 I'll be there. John

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    10 I'm invited too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    2 I won't comment that.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    10 They become independent. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.