Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 He could've asked.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    7 Have you been drinking?
    4 It's a deal!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    11 Here's to you!
    12 All the best!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    10 You should've known that.
    3 I had no idea.
    2 It's not my fault.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    6 It's been raining for two days.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • e You should have told me.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • g We're still together.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • h We met recently.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • b Neither will I.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    1 I'm not tired. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    14 You should do that. you
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    9 We don't agree. they
    3 They don't like it. we
    5 I must go now. we
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    4 They won't come. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    8 I hate him. I
    6 I don't know. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    8 They weren't angry, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    2 I won't comment that.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    1 I cannot come. future simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    10 They become independent. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.