Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    14 Merry Xmas!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    4 It's a deal!
    11 Here's to you!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 I had no idea.
    10 You should've known that.
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    12 All the best!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    9 He could've asked.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • e You should have told me.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • g We're still together.
    • h We met recently.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • b Neither will I.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    5 I must go now. we
    8 I hate him. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    1 I'm not tired. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    14 You should do that. you
    11 I can't go on. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    6 I don't know. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    4 They won't come. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    8 They weren't angry, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    2 I won't comment that.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    1 I cannot come. future simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    10 They become independent. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.