Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    4 It's a deal!
    9 He could've asked.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    12 All the best!
    3 I had no idea.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    11 Here's to you!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    10 You should've known that.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • e You should have told me.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    5 I must go now. we
    4 They won't come. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    14 You should do that. you
    9 We don't agree. they
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    8 I hate him. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    2 I'll be there. John
    3 They don't like it. we
    1 I'm not tired. I
    6 I don't know. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    2 I won't comment that.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.