Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    4 It's a deal!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    3 I had no idea.
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    2 It's not my fault.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    9 He could've asked.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    10 You should've known that.
    12 All the best!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    9 What do you want Christmas?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • f I would have helped him.
    • e You should have told me.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • h We met recently.
    • b Neither will I.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    4 They won't come. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    2 I'll be there. John
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    14 You should do that. you
    11 I can't go on. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    6 I don't know. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    8 I hate him. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    2 I won't comment that.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    10 They become independent. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.