Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I had no idea.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    2 It's not my fault.
    10 You should've known that.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    9 He could've asked.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    11 Here's to you!
    12 All the best!
    4 It's a deal!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • e You should have told me.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • g We're still together.
    • h We met recently.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • b Neither will I.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • d I'm feeling fine.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    8 I hate him. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    14 You should do that. you
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    11 I can't go on. we
    6 I don't know. I
    4 They won't come. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    5 I must go now. we
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    9 I should call him, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    2 I won't comment that.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    9 That would help us. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    10 They become independent. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    6 Nemal som tušenie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.