Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 We moved in recently.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • b I work from home.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • c They pay for living in that room.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    2 We were watching him.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    8 What were you wearing?
    9 Who's looking after them?
    7 We were eating out.
    5 I was working on it.
    3 Who will do that?
    4 I won't stay.
    1 I'll wait there.
    10 I've been watching you.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    9 I live in a block of flats.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    8 We'll take the underground.
    1 The bill please!
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    4 I'll have chips.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    2 They have a home. - They're .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    8 She's female. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    8 To rád počujem.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    13 Viete to iste?

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).