Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    12 We moved in recently.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • b I work from home.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • d It needs to be done.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    6 I'm feeling tired.
    1 I'll wait there.
    4 I won't stay.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    2 We were watching him.
    7 We were eating out.
    8 What were you wearing?
    5 I was working on it.
    3 Who will do that?
    10 I've been watching you.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    4 I'll have chips.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    6 We live on the second floor.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    1 The bill please!

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    8 She's female. - He's .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    2 They have a home. - They're .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    8 To rád počujem.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    13 Viete to iste?
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).