Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    12 We moved in recently.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • b I work from home.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • h They've moved to another city.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    10 I've been watching you.
    7 We were eating out.
    3 Who will do that?
    4 I won't stay.
    1 I'll wait there.
    8 What were you wearing?
    9 Who's looking after them?
    2 We were watching him.
    5 I was working on it.
    6 I'm feeling tired.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    5 He's been read it for hours.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    2 I've run out of petrol.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    4 I'll have chips.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    1 The bill please!

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    8 She's female. - He's .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    8 To rád počujem.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    13 Viete to iste?

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).