Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    12 We moved in recently.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • b I work from home.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • c They pay for living in that room.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    4 I won't stay.
    2 We were watching him.
    7 We were eating out.
    3 Who will do that?
    5 I was working on it.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    10 I've been watching you.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    1 I'll wait there.
    8 What were you wearing?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    5 He's been read it for hours.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    9 I live in a block of flats.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    1 The bill please!
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    4 I'll have chips.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    5 We'll watch a film.

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    1 She has children. - She's .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    8 She's female. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    8 To rád počujem.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    13 Viete to iste?
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).