Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 We moved in recently.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • b I work from home.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    3 Who will do that?
    8 What were you wearing?
    2 We were watching him.
    5 I was working on it.
    1 I'll wait there.
    10 I've been watching you.
    4 I won't stay.
    7 We were eating out.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    9 Who's looking after them?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    5 He's been read it for hours.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    11 What's on at the cinema?
    8 We'll take the underground.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    1 The bill please!
    6 We live on the second floor.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    4 I'll have chips.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    8 She's female. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    13 Viete to iste?
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    8 To rád počujem.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).