Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    12 We moved in recently.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    2 How long have you lived here?

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • b I work from home.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    10 I've been watching you.
    3 Who will do that?
    9 Who's looking after them?
    8 What were you wearing?
    4 I won't stay.
    7 We were eating out.
    2 We were watching him.
    1 I'll wait there.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    5 I was working on it.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    2 I've run out of petrol.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    5 We'll watch a film.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    4 I'll have chips.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    1 The bill please!
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    6 We live on the second floor.

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    13 Viete to iste?
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    8 To rád počujem.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).