Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    12 We moved in recently.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • b I work from home.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • a We have a flat of our own.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    2 We were watching him.
    5 I was working on it.
    1 I'll wait there.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    10 I've been watching you.
    8 What were you wearing?
    7 We were eating out.
    3 Who will do that?
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    4 I won't stay.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    6 We live on the second floor.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    4 I'll have chips.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    1 The bill please!

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    13 Viete to iste?
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    8 To rád počujem.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).