Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    12 We moved in recently.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • b I work from home.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • a We have a flat of our own.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • h They've moved to another city.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    5 I was working on it.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    4 I won't stay.
    10 I've been watching you.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    1 I'll wait there.
    8 What were you wearing?
    3 Who will do that?
    2 We were watching him.
    7 We were eating out.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    5 We'll watch a film.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    1 The bill please!
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    4 I'll have chips.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    6 We live on the second floor.

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    1 She has children. - She's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    8 To rád počujem.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    13 Viete to iste?
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).