Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 We moved in recently.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • b I work from home.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • c I can't repair anything.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    2 We were watching him.
    5 I was working on it.
    1 I'll wait there.
    3 Who will do that?
    4 I won't stay.
    10 I've been watching you.
    8 What were you wearing?
    9 Who's looking after them?
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    7 We were eating out.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    6 We live on the second floor.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    4 I'll have chips.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    1 The bill please!
    7 I've bought new trousers.

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    8 To rád počujem.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    13 Viete to iste?
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).