Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    12 We moved in recently.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • b I work from home.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • c They pay for living in that room.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    10 I've been watching you.
    8 What were you wearing?
    7 We were eating out.
    1 I'll wait there.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    2 We were watching him.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    4 I won't stay.
    3 Who will do that?
    5 I was working on it.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    2 I've run out of petrol.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    4 I'll have chips.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    1 The bill please!
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    1 She has children. - She's .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    8 She's female. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    13 Viete to iste?
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    8 To rád počujem.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).