Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    12 We moved in recently.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • b I work from home.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • f We moved in only recently.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • g She's on the ground floor.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    9 Who's looking after them?
    1 I'll wait there.
    8 What were you wearing?
    2 We were watching him.
    5 I was working on it.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    3 Who will do that?
    7 We were eating out.
    10 I've been watching you.
    4 I won't stay.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    5 He's been read it for hours.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    5 We'll watch a film.
    1 The bill please!
    4 I'll have chips.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    2 They have a home. - They're .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    13 Viete to iste?
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    8 To rád počujem.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).