Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    12 We moved in recently.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • b I work from home.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • f We moved in only recently.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    2 We were watching him.
    10 I've been watching you.
    5 I was working on it.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    3 Who will do that?
    9 Who's looking after them?
    4 I won't stay.
    7 We were eating out.
    1 I'll wait there.
    8 What were you wearing?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    6 We live on the second floor.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    1 The bill please!
    8 We'll take the underground.
    4 I'll have chips.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    11 What's on at the cinema?

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    8 She's female. - He's .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    8 To rád počujem.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    13 Viete to iste?
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).