Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    12 We moved in recently.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • b I work from home.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • c They pay for living in that room.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    3 Who will do that?
    2 We were watching him.
    4 I won't stay.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    10 I've been watching you.
    5 I was working on it.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    8 What were you wearing?
    7 We were eating out.
    1 I'll wait there.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    7 I've bought new trousers.
    4 I'll have chips.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    1 The bill please!
    5 We'll watch a film.
    8 We'll take the underground.

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    8 To rád počujem.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    13 Viete to iste?
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).