Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    15 Can you help us?
    5 I'm not from here.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    2 What's your name?
    18 Have some!
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    11 How much is it?
    20 I have to go.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    6 Where are you from?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    12 That's not true!
    7 Is there anybody here?
    19 I hope not.
    14 Shall we go?
    16 We can't wait.
    4 My name is ...
    13 What will you do?

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    5 3.06
    6 86.05
    3 876.7
    4 16.78
    1 45 children
    9 376,750
    7 2,568
    2 267 people
    10 14,064,559
    8 17,999.5

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    5
    2
    3
    10
    4
    9
    6
    8
    11
    12
    7
    1

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • i They're from France.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • d He's from England.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • b He's from China.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • f She's from Spain.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

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    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    7 Our children too young for that.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    12 It true! He lying!
    10 Why you laughing?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    2 There lots of children.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    3 What going on?
    5 these books yours?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    8 Water good for you.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    10 We want something for we children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    9 How is this car?
    7 How friends are coming?
    1 How money will you need?
    2 There won't be people.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    5 That's too information.
    10 There are too cars.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    4 His parents glad.
    5 There any kids.
    11 English phrases easy.
    1 I ready.
    6 This book mine.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    9 There any money.
    7 We very happy.
    3 My brother here.
    10 Why you at school?
    2 She my sister.

    Exercise 12

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    11 My friends are having fun.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    2 He's reading a book.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    5 They're playing a game.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    3 British are nice people.
    6 Can I have little water?
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • h At about half past six.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • d No, come in!
    • g I'll leave that to you.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    7 Have you got pets?
    3 Are there kids there?
    9 I can't see children.
    1 We need time.
    8 of them are students.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    5 Can you give me money?
    2 Can I have water?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    4 There aren't people.

    Exercise 16

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    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    7 We aren't at home.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    12 We must do it.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    6 He's not afraid.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    9 What are you doing?
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    8 When are we leaving?
    10 Who's coming?
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    11 I can't come.

    Exercise 17

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    15 Ja nespím! sleep
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    7 Je málo času. little
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.

    Exercise 19

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • f green.
    • b white.
    • a brown.
    • g blue.
    • e yellow.
    • c red.
    • d orange.
    • h black.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    2 Why are you sit here?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    5 My mum have no time.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    7 How are you feel ?
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    11 Pôjdeme?
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    8 Prídeš?
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    19 Vstúpte!
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    18 Je mi horúco.
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    10 Som Slovák.
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    20 Šťastnú cestu!

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.