Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    15 Can you help us?
    6 Where are you from?
    19 I hope not.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    4 My name is ...
    13 What will you do?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    5 I'm not from here.
    11 How much is it?
    12 That's not true!
    14 Shall we go?
    7 Is there anybody here?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    20 I have to go.
    16 We can't wait.
    2 What's your name?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    18 Have some!

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 267 people
    6 86.05
    10 14,064,559
    1 45 children
    8 17,999.5
    4 16.78
    5 3.06
    9 376,750
    3 876.7
    7 2,568

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    10
    6
    2
    3
    1
    5
    4
    8
    11
    12
    7
    9

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • b He's from China.
    • i They're from France.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • d He's from England.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

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    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    12 It true! He lying!
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    3 What going on?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    5 these books yours?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    8 Water good for you.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    10 Why you laughing?
    2 There lots of children.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    10 We want something for we children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    10 There are too cars.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    9 How is this car?
    7 How friends are coming?
    5 That's too information.
    1 How money will you need?
    2 There won't be people.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    4 There isn't milk here.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    7 We very happy.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    11 English phrases easy.
    2 She my sister.
    4 His parents glad.
    6 This book mine.
    1 I ready.
    3 My brother here.
    5 There any kids.
    10 Why you at school?
    9 There any money.

    Exercise 12

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    5 They're playing a game.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    2 He's reading a book.
    6 We're going on holiday.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    6 Can I have little water?
    3 British are nice people.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • h At about half past six.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • d No, come in!
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • e No, I think he's British.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    9 I can't see children.
    2 Can I have water?
    4 There aren't people.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    8 of them are students.
    1 We need time.
    6 We haven't got milk.
    3 Are there kids there?
    5 Can you give me money?
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

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    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    5 We are meeting at my place.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    11 I can't come.
    9 What are you doing?
    7 We aren't at home.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    10 Who's coming?
    8 When are we leaving?
    6 He's not afraid.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    12 We must do it.

    Exercise 17

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    15 Ja nespím! sleep
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    7 Je málo času. little
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    6 She's sad and he's .

    Exercise 19

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • g blue.
    • c red.
    • b white.
    • a brown.
    • d orange.
    • h black.
    • e yellow.
    • f green.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    5 My mum have no time.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    7 How are you feel ?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    18 Je mi horúco.
    10 Som Slovák.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    19 Vstúpte!
    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    11 Pôjdeme?
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    8 Prídeš?

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.