Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    15 Can you help us?
    20 I have to go.
    6 Where are you from?
    4 My name is ...
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    11 How much is it?
    14 Shall we go?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    13 What will you do?
    18 Have some!
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    12 That's not true!
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    5 I'm not from here.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    2 What's your name?
    16 We can't wait.
    19 I hope not.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    1 45 children
    9 376,750
    10 14,064,559
    6 86.05
    3 876.7
    5 3.06
    2 267 people
    7 2,568
    4 16.78
    8 17,999.5

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    6
    1
    4
    9
    5
    2
    3
    8
    10
    11
    7
    12

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • b He's from China.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • i They're from France.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • d He's from England.
    • f She's from Spain.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

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    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    2 There lots of children.
    5 these books yours?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    8 Water good for you.
    3 What going on?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    7 Our children too young for that.
    12 It true! He lying!
    10 Why you laughing?
    6 I not afraid of you.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    10 We want something for we children.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    6 How luggage have you got?
    2 There won't be people.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    5 That's too information.
    7 How friends are coming?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    9 How is this car?
    1 How money will you need?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    10 There are too cars.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    3 My brother here.
    5 There any kids.
    11 English phrases easy.
    2 She my sister.
    1 I ready.
    6 This book mine.
    9 There any money.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    4 His parents glad.
    10 Why you at school?
    7 We very happy.

    Exercise 12

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    2 He's reading a book.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    5 They're playing a game.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    6 Can I have little water?
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    3 British are nice people.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • h At about half past six.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • d No, come in!
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    6 We haven't got milk.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    9 I can't see children.
    1 We need time.
    3 Are there kids there?
    4 There aren't people.
    7 Have you got pets?
    5 Can you give me money?
    2 Can I have water?
    8 of them are students.

    Exercise 16

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    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    8 When are we leaving?
    9 What are you doing?
    10 Who's coming?
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    7 We aren't at home.
    11 I can't come.
    6 He's not afraid.
    12 We must do it.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.

    Exercise 17

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    7 Je málo času. little
    15 Ja nespím! sleep
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    7 There will be many men but only women.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    8 There's too much work and too time.

    Exercise 19

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • g blue.
    • a brown.
    • e yellow.
    • b white.
    • h black.
    • d orange.
    • c red.
    • f green.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    1 A man is wait there for you.
    7 How are you feel ?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    5 My mum have no time.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    13 Bude to stačiť?
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    18 Je mi horúco.
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    10 Som Slovák.
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    19 Vstúpte!
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    8 Prídeš?
    11 Pôjdeme?

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.