Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    4 My name is ...
    12 That's not true!
    20 I have to go.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    14 Shall we go?
    13 What will you do?
    2 What's your name?
    11 How much is it?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    19 I hope not.
    6 Where are you from?
    16 We can't wait.
    18 Have some!
    5 I'm not from here.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    15 Can you help us?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    10 There are many foreigners here.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    5 3.06
    4 16.78
    6 86.05
    9 376,750
    1 45 children
    8 17,999.5
    3 876.7
    2 267 people
    10 14,064,559
    7 2,568

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    7
    12
    4
    5
    11
    3
    1
    9
    2
    10
    6
    8

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • i They're from France.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • b He's from China.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • d He's from England.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • a They're from Ireland.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

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    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    3 What going on?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    10 Why you laughing?
    12 It true! He lying!
    8 Water good for you.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    2 There lots of children.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    7 Our children too young for that.
    5 these books yours?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    10 We want something for we children.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    6 How luggage have you got?
    2 There won't be people.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    10 There are too cars.
    1 How money will you need?
    5 That's too information.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    9 How is this car?
    7 How friends are coming?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    2 She my sister.
    7 We very happy.
    3 My brother here.
    5 There any kids.
    9 There any money.
    11 English phrases easy.
    4 His parents glad.
    6 This book mine.
    10 Why you at school?
    1 I ready.
    8 There many foreigners there.

    Exercise 12

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 They're playing a game.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    2 He's reading a book.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    12 We're going out tonight.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    3 British are nice people.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    6 Can I have little water?
    5 There's lot of water in sea.

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • d No, come in!
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • h At about half past six.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    7 Have you got pets?
    1 We need time.
    2 Can I have water?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    9 I can't see children.
    4 There aren't people.
    3 Are there kids there?
    8 of them are students.
    5 Can you give me money?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?

    Exercise 16

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    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    8 When are we leaving?
    10 Who's coming?
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    9 What are you doing?
    7 We aren't at home.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    12 We must do it.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    6 He's not afraid.
    11 I can't come.
    3 My mum is making dinner.

    Exercise 17

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    15 Ja nespím! sleep
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    7 Je málo času. little
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .

    Exercise 19

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • a brown.
    • g blue.
    • h black.
    • e yellow.
    • d orange.
    • c red.
    • f green.
    • b white.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    3 My brother speak four languages.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    5 My mum have no time.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    7 How are you feel ?
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    8 Prídeš?
    11 Pôjdeme?
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    18 Je mi horúco.
    10 Som Slovák.
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    19 Vstúpte!
    20 Šťastnú cestu!

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.