Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    6 Where are you from?
    2 What's your name?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    11 How much is it?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    15 Can you help us?
    16 We can't wait.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    14 Shall we go?
    12 That's not true!
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    5 I'm not from here.
    4 My name is ...
    19 I hope not.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    13 What will you do?
    20 I have to go.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    18 Have some!

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    6 86.05
    5 3.06
    2 267 people
    7 2,568
    9 376,750
    1 45 children
    4 16.78
    3 876.7
    8 17,999.5
    10 14,064,559

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    11
    7
    3
    5
    10
    9
    4
    8
    1
    6
    2
    12

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • b He's from China.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • i They're from France.
    • d He's from England.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • f She's from Spain.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

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    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    8 Water good for you.
    5 these books yours?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    3 What going on?
    12 It true! He lying!
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    7 Our children too young for that.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    10 Why you laughing?
    2 There lots of children.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    3 There are many parents with they children.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    10 We want something for we children.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    1 How money will you need?
    7 How friends are coming?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    9 How is this car?
    2 There won't be people.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    10 There are too cars.
    5 That's too information.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    3 My brother here.
    9 There any money.
    7 We very happy.
    1 I ready.
    4 His parents glad.
    5 There any kids.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    6 This book mine.
    10 Why you at school?
    11 English phrases easy.
    2 She my sister.

    Exercise 12

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    2 He's reading a book.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    5 They're playing a game.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    6 We're going on holiday.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    7 There are ten cats in house.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    3 British are nice people.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    6 Can I have little water?
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • d No, come in!
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • h At about half past six.
    • e No, I think he's British.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    9 I can't see children.
    1 We need time.
    3 Are there kids there?
    8 of them are students.
    5 Can you give me money?
    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    7 Have you got pets?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    4 There aren't people.

    Exercise 16

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    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    11 I can't come.
    7 We aren't at home.
    9 What are you doing?
    1 They are going on holiday.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    10 Who's coming?
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    12 We must do it.
    8 When are we leaving?
    6 He's not afraid.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    3 My mum is making dinner.

    Exercise 17

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    7 Je málo času. little
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    15 Ja nespím! sleep

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    6 She's sad and he's .

    Exercise 19

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • e yellow.
    • h black.
    • a brown.
    • f green.
    • d orange.
    • g blue.
    • c red.
    • b white.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    3 My brother speak four languages.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    5 My mum have no time.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    7 How are you feel ?

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    8 Prídeš?
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    10 Som Slovák.
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    18 Je mi horúco.
    19 Vstúpte!
    11 Pôjdeme?
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.