Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    15 Can you help us?
    6 Where are you from?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    19 I hope not.
    2 What's your name?
    5 I'm not from here.
    11 How much is it?
    20 I have to go.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    16 We can't wait.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    13 What will you do?
    4 My name is ...
    7 Is there anybody here?
    14 Shall we go?
    18 Have some!
    12 That's not true!
    1 He's a learner of English.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 376,750
    5 3.06
    6 86.05
    1 45 children
    7 2,568
    8 17,999.5
    4 16.78
    3 876.7
    2 267 people
    10 14,064,559

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    10
    9
    7
    11
    4
    6
    1
    8
    2
    3
    5
    12

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • b He's from China.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • d He's from England.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • i They're from France.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

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    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    6 I not afraid of you.
    3 What going on?
    10 Why you laughing?
    2 There lots of children.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    12 It true! He lying!
    5 these books yours?
    8 Water good for you.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    10 We want something for we children.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    4 There isn't milk here.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    9 How is this car?
    5 That's too information.
    10 There are too cars.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    7 How friends are coming?
    6 How luggage have you got?
    1 How money will you need?
    2 There won't be people.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    5 There any kids.
    9 There any money.
    2 She my sister.
    1 I ready.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    10 Why you at school?
    4 His parents glad.
    11 English phrases easy.
    7 We very happy.
    3 My brother here.
    6 This book mine.

    Exercise 12

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    2 He's reading a book.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    5 They're playing a game.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    3 British are nice people.
    6 Can I have little water?
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • h At about half past six.
    • d No, come in!
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    7 Have you got pets?
    8 of them are students.
    5 Can you give me money?
    1 We need time.
    6 We haven't got milk.
    9 I can't see children.
    4 There aren't people.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    3 Are there kids there?
    2 Can I have water?

    Exercise 16

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    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    6 He's not afraid.
    11 I can't come.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    9 What are you doing?
    12 We must do it.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    8 When are we leaving?
    7 We aren't at home.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    10 Who's coming?

    Exercise 17

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    7 Je málo času. little
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    15 Ja nespím! sleep
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    7 There will be many men but only women.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .

    Exercise 19

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • d orange.
    • e yellow.
    • g blue.
    • h black.
    • c red.
    • a brown.
    • b white.
    • f green.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    5 My mum have no time.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    7 How are you feel ?
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    8 Prídeš?
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    10 Som Slovák.
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    19 Vstúpte!
    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    18 Je mi horúco.
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    11 Pôjdeme?

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.