Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    2 What's your name?
    16 We can't wait.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    6 Where are you from?
    18 Have some!
    9 That's my sister's car.
    5 I'm not from here.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    12 That's not true!
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    4 My name is ...
    14 Shall we go?
    11 How much is it?
    19 I hope not.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    20 I have to go.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    15 Can you help us?
    13 What will you do?

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 267 people
    5 3.06
    7 2,568
    10 14,064,559
    8 17,999.5
    9 376,750
    4 16.78
    1 45 children
    3 876.7
    6 86.05

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    9
    10
    2
    7
    11
    12
    6
    8
    3
    1
    5
    4

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • b He's from China.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • i They're from France.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • d He's from England.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

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    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    2 There lots of children.
    12 It true! He lying!
    10 Why you laughing?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    5 these books yours?
    3 What going on?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    8 Water good for you.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    9 He's a good friend of I .
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    10 We want something for we children.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    1 How money will you need?
    2 There won't be people.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    5 That's too information.
    10 There are too cars.
    7 How friends are coming?
    9 How is this car?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    5 There any kids.
    6 This book mine.
    3 My brother here.
    9 There any money.
    7 We very happy.
    11 English phrases easy.
    1 I ready.
    10 Why you at school?
    2 She my sister.
    4 His parents glad.
    8 There many foreigners there.

    Exercise 12

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 They're playing a game.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    2 He's reading a book.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    11 My friends are having fun.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    6 Can I have little water?
    3 British are nice people.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • h At about half past six.
    • d No, come in!
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • e No, I think he's British.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    7 Have you got pets?
    4 There aren't people.
    8 of them are students.
    1 We need time.
    2 Can I have water?
    3 Are there kids there?
    9 I can't see children.
    5 Can you give me money?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?

    Exercise 16

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    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    8 When are we leaving?
    11 I can't come.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    7 We aren't at home.
    10 Who's coming?
    1 They are going on holiday.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    6 He's not afraid.
    9 What are you doing?
    12 We must do it.
    5 We are meeting at my place.

    Exercise 17

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    15 Ja nespím! sleep
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    7 Je málo času. little
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    6 She's sad and he's .

    Exercise 19

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • b white.
    • h black.
    • g blue.
    • c red.
    • a brown.
    • e yellow.
    • d orange.
    • f green.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    7 How are you feel ?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    5 My mum have no time.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    10 Som Slovák.
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    8 Prídeš?
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    18 Je mi horúco.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    11 Pôjdeme?
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    19 Vstúpte!
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.