Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    7 Is there anybody here?
    2 What's your name?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    15 Can you help us?
    5 I'm not from here.
    20 I have to go.
    6 Where are you from?
    19 I hope not.
    13 What will you do?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    16 We can't wait.
    11 How much is it?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    18 Have some!
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    12 That's not true!
    9 That's my sister's car.
    14 Shall we go?
    4 My name is ...

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 876.7
    7 2,568
    8 17,999.5
    9 376,750
    10 14,064,559
    2 267 people
    4 16.78
    5 3.06
    1 45 children
    6 86.05

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    4
    12
    7
    1
    5
    10
    9
    8
    2
    11
    3
    6

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • b He's from China.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • i They're from France.
    • d He's from England.
    • h He's from Russia.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

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    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    7 Our children too young for that.
    3 What going on?
    8 Water good for you.
    5 these books yours?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    10 Why you laughing?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    12 It true! He lying!
    2 There lots of children.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    10 We want something for we children.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    2 There won't be people.
    1 How money will you need?
    7 How friends are coming?
    6 How luggage have you got?
    9 How is this car?
    10 There are too cars.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    5 That's too information.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    6 This book mine.
    1 I ready.
    7 We very happy.
    5 There any kids.
    10 Why you at school?
    2 She my sister.
    11 English phrases easy.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    4 His parents glad.
    3 My brother here.
    9 There any money.

    Exercise 12

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    2 He's reading a book.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    5 They're playing a game.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    12 We're going out tonight.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    6 Can I have little water?
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    3 British are nice people.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • d No, come in!
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • h At about half past six.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    1 We need time.
    7 Have you got pets?
    4 There aren't people.
    9 I can't see children.
    8 of them are students.
    2 Can I have water?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    3 Are there kids there?
    5 Can you give me money?

    Exercise 16

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    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    3 My mum is making dinner.
    11 I can't come.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    9 What are you doing?
    8 When are we leaving?
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    10 Who's coming?
    7 We aren't at home.
    6 He's not afraid.
    12 We must do it.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.

    Exercise 17

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    7 Je málo času. little
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    15 Ja nespím! sleep
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    6 She's sad and he's .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    7 There will be many men but only women.

    Exercise 19

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • h black.
    • b white.
    • d orange.
    • f green.
    • a brown.
    • e yellow.
    • c red.
    • g blue.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    3 My brother speak four languages.
    5 My mum have no time.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    7 How are you feel ?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    8 Prídeš?
    10 Som Slovák.
    18 Je mi horúco.
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    19 Vstúpte!
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    11 Pôjdeme?
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.