Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    18 Have some!
    11 How much is it?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    20 I have to go.
    2 What's your name?
    13 What will you do?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    5 I'm not from here.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    19 I hope not.
    16 We can't wait.
    15 Can you help us?
    14 Shall we go?
    4 My name is ...
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    6 Where are you from?
    7 Is there anybody here?
    12 That's not true!
    17 You'll have to ask him.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 267 people
    7 2,568
    1 45 children
    5 3.06
    3 876.7
    10 14,064,559
    8 17,999.5
    6 86.05
    4 16.78
    9 376,750

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    9
    10
    1
    6
    4
    12
    7
    2
    8
    11
    5
    3

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • b He's from China.
    • d He's from England.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • i They're from France.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • j She's from Japan.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

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    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    10 Why you laughing?
    2 There lots of children.
    3 What going on?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    5 these books yours?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    8 Water good for you.
    12 It true! He lying!

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    10 We want something for we children.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    3 There are many parents with they children.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    6 How luggage have you got?
    5 That's too information.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    10 There are too cars.
    7 How friends are coming?
    9 How is this car?
    1 How money will you need?
    2 There won't be people.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    7 We very happy.
    6 This book mine.
    5 There any kids.
    2 She my sister.
    3 My brother here.
    1 I ready.
    9 There any money.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    11 English phrases easy.
    4 His parents glad.
    10 Why you at school?

    Exercise 12

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    2 He's reading a book.
    5 They're playing a game.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    6 Can I have little water?
    3 British are nice people.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • h At about half past six.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • d No, come in!

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    2 Can I have water?
    9 I can't see children.
    3 Are there kids there?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    8 of them are students.
    4 There aren't people.
    7 Have you got pets?
    1 We need time.
    5 Can you give me money?

    Exercise 16

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    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    8 When are we leaving?
    12 We must do it.
    6 He's not afraid.
    7 We aren't at home.
    10 Who's coming?
    9 What are you doing?
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    11 I can't come.

    Exercise 17

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    7 Je málo času. little
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    15 Ja nespím! sleep
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    7 There will be many men but only women.

    Exercise 19

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • f green.
    • h black.
    • g blue.
    • a brown.
    • e yellow.
    • b white.
    • c red.
    • d orange.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    7 How are you feel ?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    5 My mum have no time.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    18 Je mi horúco.
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    10 Som Slovák.
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    19 Vstúpte!
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    11 Pôjdeme?
    8 Prídeš?
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.