Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 9270

    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte. Všímajte si stavbu anglickej vety a tvary slovies.

    14 We had to stay there.
    11 She left a few minutes ago.
    1 She helped me.
    9 I saw him this morning.
    7 Who told you that?
    6 I spoke with him yesterday.
    17 I found it in my pocket.
    12 I got no message from him.
    8 I thought so.
    2 We had no money.
    16 He began to worry.
    13 Sorry, I couldn't come.
    4 Nobody knew about it.
    18 He broke his arm.
    10 We went dancing last night.
    5 I was single when we met.
    3 Jane was here an hour ago.
    15 I wasn't able to find it.

    Všimnite si použitie anglického privlastňovacieho zámena na vyjadrenie slovenského si (niečo spôsobiť či urobiť sám sebe). Napr. She broke her leg. - Zlomila si nohu. (Zlomila svoju nohu.), He put it in his pocket. - Dal si to do vrecka., He broke his phone. - Rozbil si telefón., She tied her hair. - Zviazala si vlasy. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • fil
  • 9272

    • Doplňte správne tvary slovesa be v jednoduchom minulom čase.

    6 Their dog with them.
    10 Me and my sister afraid.
    5 Our parents not at home.
    8 My brother not there.
    3 There no money and she angry.
    7 The children very happy.
    1 Where you last night?
    2 I at work and they at home.
    9 There parties every day.
    4 you there too? No, I not.

    Pozor na rozdiel vo výslovnosti where a were! Where were you? wεəˈwɜːjuː

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 9274

    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 She knew about it.
    • 2 Where were you born?
    • 3 We spoke about you.
    • 4 I gave him some money.
    • 5 He bought a car.
    • 6 We spent two days there.
    • 7 I made a mistake.
    • 8 I wasn't at home.
    • f Kúpil si auto.
    • b Dal som mu nejaké peniaze.
    • c Strávili sme tam dva dni.
    • d Nebol som doma.
    • a Hovorili sme o tebe.
    • e Urobil som chybu.
    • g Kde si sa narodil?
    • h Vedela o tom.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 9275

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She couldn't come. She brought/broke/bought her leg.
    4 What did he want? - He found/felt/came to speak to you.
    9 They made/met/took on the bus and went/gave/became friends.
    2 He had no money. I gave/gone/given him 20 dollars.
    3 Did you walk? - No, we went/got/met by car.
    6 When did he bring it? - He broke/brought/became it an hour ago.
    8 Did she get the car from him? - No, she bought/thought/felt it.
    7 Where did they get the money? - They spent/sat/sold their house.
    5 Did you call him? - No, I spoke/sent/spent him a message.

    Pozor! Niektoré nepravidelné tvary bežných anglických slovies majú aj celkom iné významy. Napr. tvar saw je po slovensky aj podstatné meno píla, tvar thought je tiež myšlienka, tvar broke je aj prídavné meno znamenajúce na mizine, bez peňazí. Napr.: I'm broke. - Som na mizine., Som bez peňazí. Found je tvar slovesa find, ale tiež infinitív pravidelného slovesa, ktoré znamená založiť (organizáciu ap.) Môžete teda v minulom čase naraziť na tvar founded, ktorý však nie je tvarom slovesa find! Napr. He founded a city. - Založil mesto. ALE He found a city. - Našiel mesto.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 9277

    • Doplňte tvary slovies v jednoduchom minulom čase a prečítajte.

    8 What did you find? - I this.
    16 When did she come? - She at six p.m.
    7 How much money did you give her? - I her nothing.
    6 When did you send it? - I it two hours ago.
    14 What did they drink? - They beer.
    2 Did John bring those books? - No, I them.
    4 How did you get there? - I there by bus.
    17 What time did you wake up? - I up at six o'clock.
    5 What time did they leave? - They at five.
    10 Who did you tell? - I nobody!
    13 Did you buy any food? - No, I only milk.
    11 Did she know about it? - No, she nothing!
    1 What did he want? - He to ask you something.
    3 Where did you go last night? - We swimming.
    15 Did Bob make this? - No, I it.
    9 Did you read it? - I it twice.
    12 How long did it take? - It about two hours.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 9278

    • Tvorte zo slov vety v jednoduchom minulom čase.

    13 I, cannot, get up.
    9 She, leave, a minute ago.
    8 It, be cold?
    3 the children, be, good?
    7 we, have to wait.
    1 We, go there, yesterday.
    4 he, buy, her flowers.
    11 I, tell him about it.
    12 Who, give you this?
    2 she, call, you?
    6 I, think so.
    10 When, he, call?
    5 who, bring, the books?
    14 she, lose, the money.

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 9279

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Did he help you?
    • 2 How was your day?
    • 3 How much did you give her?
    • 4 Did you sleep well?
    • 5 Were his friends there too?
    • 6 Did you call her?
    • 7 How did they know?
    • 8 How long did it take?
    • d No, he had no time.
    • h No, I sent her a message.
    • f No. I only slept 3 hours.
    • e Not bad. And yours?
    • a I gave her a hundred euros.
    • g It took about three days.
    • b I told them about it.
    • c No, they couldn't come.

    Spojenie not bad sa bežne užíva vo význame celkom dobré, ide to ap.

    Exercise 8

  • sentence
  • 9281

    • Napíšte neurčitky slovies, ktoré počujete použité vo vetách v minulom čase.

    3
    2
    4
    12
    6
    5
    11
    1
    9
    8
    7
    10

    Exercise 9

  • fil
  • 9282

    • Doplňte správnu časovú predložku - before alebo ago.

    2 We spoke about it a week at my place.
    6 I saw him two days his departure.
    8 We met a long time .
    4 He arrived a few minutes me.
    3 Bob called me two days .
    1 Try to be there nine o'clock.
    7 I never go to bed ten.
    9 How long was it?
    5 We visited the city three years .
    10 I'll be back midnight.

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 9283

    • Upravte vety z budúceho času do minulého. Všímajte si analógie.

    14 I'll let him know.
    9 Will they send it?
    6 Jane will make dinner.
    1 She'll be there.
    7 We'll go there together.
    10 Will you go there?
    12 I won't tell him!
    13 Who will buy it?
    2 Bob will come alone.
    11 When will she come?
    3 They'll speak about us.
    4 I'll send it to you.
    8 He'll give it to her.
    5 You'll break it.

    Sloveso let má vo všetkých časoch rovnaký tvar, teda aj v minulom čase. Iba v čase prítomnom jednoduchom má s 3. osobou jednotného čísla tvar lets. Napr.: (minulý čas) She let him sleep. - Nechala ho spať., (prítomný čas jednoduchý) She lets him sleep. - Necháva ho spať. ap. Nezamieňajte však lets (pre 3. osobu) a výzvu let's - let us! Napr. Let's go!

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 9285

    • Odpovedzte na otázky celou vetou podľa slov v pomôckach.

    14 What did you speak about? you
    3 When did you get up? at six
    7 Did anybody call? nobody
    4 Who did you send it to? Bob
    16 What did you drink? beer
    8 Did they agree? no
    13 What did he know? nothing
    10 Did Bob lose it? no, I
    2 When did he leave? an hour ago
    12 Did you get my message? no
    9 How long did it take? 1 hour
    1 How did you go there? by car
    15 What did he tell you? nothing
    5 What did you buy? bananas
    6 Where did you meet? on the bus
    11 Did he make any mistakes? many

    Slovo drunk je 3. tvar (minulé príčastie - PP) slovesa drink, ale tiež prídavné meno opitý. Podobné je to s mnohými anglickými slovesami, napr. so slovesom break a jeho tvarom broken (rozbitý, zlomený), give - given (daný), find - found (nájdený), know - known (známy) či so slovesom go a tvarom gone. Spojenie be gone znamená byť preč. He's gone. - Je preč. (Odišiel.)

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 9287

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    2 Jane went there alone.
    7 We had a good time.
    6 We spoke about her.
    3 We met at John's place.
    10 We stayed in a hotel.
    8 They sent it last week.
    9 We got there by car.
    1 We left home at seven.
    5 I spent the weekend at home.
    4 John bought the drinks.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 9288

    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    5 Našiel to a poslal. find, send
    1 Nechcel prísť. want to come
    11 Kde si sa narodil? be born
    12 Videl som ju včera. see
    8 Zobudil ma o piatej. wake up
    9 Nemohol som prísť. cannot
    6 Dal som mu vedieť. let know
    3 Písal som im. write to
    2 Rozviedli sa. get divorced
    7 Musela odísť. have to leave
    13 Trvalo mu to dva dni. take
    10 Tie peniaze si nechala. keep
    4 Počul som o tom. hear

    What took you so long? možno preložiť ako: Čo ti trvalo tak dlho?

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 9290

    • Tvorte zo slov nepriame rozkazy pomocou let a tell.

    12 your mum, not, worry
    11 my parents, not, leave
    2 she, come tomorrow
    7 they, send it to me
    10 she, not, lose it
    8 your father, not, sleep
    4 John, stay in bed
    5 she, learn it
    1 he, call me.
    6 he, take care of it
    3 they, sit down
    9 children, not, watch TV

    Don't worry (about it). znamená Nerob si (s tým) starosti., Netráp sa tým. Fázu: Let me worry about that. možno ho preložiť ako: O to sa postarám ja.

    Exercise 15

  • sentence
  • 9292

    • Tvorte z kladných viet záporné vety a naopak.

    9 I didn't try it.
    11 They didn't have to wait.
    4 They didn't sleep together.
    10 He took English lessons.
    5 We spent the night there.
    8 We didn't go there by car.
    2 They didn't bring any money.
    1 She went there alone.
    7 I thought so.
    12 I saw her yesterday.
    6 He kept the money.
    3 I wasn't able to do that.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 9293

    • Prečítajte nahlas časové údaje celými slovami.

    7 in 1308
    3 on May 13, 2011
    8 from 1917 to 2016
    4 phone No. 678850777
    1 in the year 1898
    5 room No. 1068
    2 in the 1980s
    6 in the early 1950s

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 9294

    • Napíšte čísla a údaje, ktoré budete počuť.

    4
    1
    3
    5
    2

    Exercise 18

  • sentence
  • 9295

    • Preložte výzvy pomocou slovesa let. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Porozprávajme sa. talk
    1 Poďme peši. walk
    9 Nemyslime na to! think about
    2 Dajme si pauzu. have a break
    5 Poďme ku mne. go, my place
    8 Nehovorme o tom. speak about
    6 Nestrácajme čas! waste time
    10 Neponáhľajme sa! hurry
    4 Sadnime si tu. sit here
    7 Nehádajme sa! argue

    Exercise 19

  • sentence
  • 9296

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce údaje.

    8 Frank is Mary's husband and Mary is Frank's ...
    1 Jane was born in 1990. She was 20 years old in ...
    7 Kate is Frank's and Jane's mother. That means that Frank and Jane are ...
    11 Mary was married, but her husband died. She is now a ...
    12 John and Bob are good friends. They get ... well.
    3 Mary is Bob's grandma. Bob is Mary's ...
    4 Jane is Frank's granddaughter. Frank is her ...
    6 Mary is Bob's grandma and Jack is Bob's grandpa. Mary and Jack are his ...
    9 Bob doesn't have a wife and he has no girlfriend or boyfriend. He's ...
    5 Jane is Jack's daughter and Jack is Mary's son. Jane is Mary's ...
    2 John is an only child. He's got ... siblings.
    10 John is a little boy, but his parents died. John is now an ...

    Zapamätajte si termín marital status (ˈmærɪtəl ˈsteɪtəs) - rodinný stav. Môžete sa s ním často stretnúť pri vypĺňaní formulárov. Typicky sa do kolónky vypĺňa jeden z termínov: single (slobodný/slobodná), married (ženatý/vydatá), divorced (rozvedený/rozvedená), separated (žijúci oddelene) či ev. widowed (ovdovený/ovdovená).

    Exercise 20

  • sentence
  • 9298

    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    14 Videl som ju minulý týždeň.
    11 Poslala mi správu.
    9 Nemohol som ho zastihnúť.
    18 Zabudol som mu to povedať.
    10 Urobil si chybu.
    12 Dostal som od neho správu.
    4 Kto tam išiel?
    1 Bol som tam včera.
    6 Kedy volala?
    8 Čo si robil včera večer?
    5 Išiel tam sám?
    15 Jej priateľ pred rokom zomrel.
    2 Boli ste tam tiež?
    7 Odišla pred minútou.
    17 Nechal som to na tvojom stole.
    13 Stretol som ho včera.
    3 Neboli doma.
    20 Nehovorme o tom!
    16 Skúšal som to dvakrát.
    19 Zabudnime na to.

    Slovo alone znamená slovensky sám, ale iba ak hovoríme, že niekto je bez sprievodu, osamotený ap. Napr.: I live alone. - Bývam sám., Leave me alone. - Nechajte ma (o samote). Ak chceme vyjadriť, že niekto niečo urobil sám (bez cudzej pomoci), treba použiť zvratné zámeno, ktoré mení tvary podľa osoby: I - myself, you - yourself, he - himself. Napr. “Urobil som to sám.” - I did it myself., “Vyrobil to sám.” - He made it himself. ap. Viac pozri Zvratné zámená v Lekcii 11.

    Pozor na rozdiel vo význame medzi friend a boyfriend pri preklade slovenského priateľ! Friend je všeobecne priateľ ako kamarát. Boyfriend resp. girlfriend je priateľ resp. priateľka ako partner či partnerka v ľúbostnom vzťahu.