Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 9270

    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte. Všímajte si stavbu anglickej vety a tvary slovies.

    7 Who told you that?
    6 I spoke with him yesterday.
    2 We had no money.
    11 She left a few minutes ago.
    13 Sorry, I couldn't come.
    14 We had to stay there.
    10 We went dancing last night.
    5 I was single when we met.
    15 I wasn't able to find it.
    12 I got no message from him.
    1 She helped me.
    3 Jane was here an hour ago.
    4 Nobody knew about it.
    16 He began to worry.
    18 He broke his arm.
    9 I saw him this morning.
    17 I found it in my pocket.
    8 I thought so.

    Všimnite si použitie anglického privlastňovacieho zámena na vyjadrenie slovenského si (niečo spôsobiť či urobiť sám sebe). Napr. She broke her leg. - Zlomila si nohu. (Zlomila svoju nohu.), He put it in his pocket. - Dal si to do vrecka., He broke his phone. - Rozbil si telefón., She tied her hair. - Zviazala si vlasy. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • fil
  • 9272

    • Doplňte správne tvary slovesa be v jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 My brother not there.
    2 I at work and they at home.
    6 Their dog with them.
    10 Me and my sister afraid.
    9 There parties every day.
    1 Where you last night?
    3 There no money and she angry.
    7 The children very happy.
    4 you there too? No, I not.
    5 Our parents not at home.

    Pozor na rozdiel vo výslovnosti where a were! Where were you? wεəˈwɜːjuː

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 9274

    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 She knew about it.
    • 2 Where were you born?
    • 3 We spoke about you.
    • 4 I gave him some money.
    • 5 He bought a car.
    • 6 We spent two days there.
    • 7 I made a mistake.
    • 8 I wasn't at home.
    • d Nebol som doma.
    • e Urobil som chybu.
    • b Dal som mu nejaké peniaze.
    • h Vedela o tom.
    • f Kúpil si auto.
    • a Hovorili sme o tebe.
    • g Kde si sa narodil?
    • c Strávili sme tam dva dni.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 9275

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She couldn't come. She brought/broke/bought her leg.
    5 Did you call him? - No, I spoke/sent/spent him a message.
    9 They made/met/took on the bus and went/gave/became friends.
    4 What did he want? - He found/felt/came to speak to you.
    6 When did he bring it? - He broke/brought/became it an hour ago.
    2 He had no money. I gave/gone/given him 20 dollars.
    8 Did she get the car from him? - No, she bought/thought/felt it.
    3 Did you walk? - No, we went/got/met by car.
    7 Where did they get the money? - They spent/sat/sold their house.

    Pozor! Niektoré nepravidelné tvary bežných anglických slovies majú aj celkom iné významy. Napr. tvar saw je po slovensky aj podstatné meno píla, tvar thought je tiež myšlienka, tvar broke je aj prídavné meno znamenajúce na mizine, bez peňazí. Napr.: I'm broke. - Som na mizine., Som bez peňazí. Found je tvar slovesa find, ale tiež infinitív pravidelného slovesa, ktoré znamená založiť (organizáciu ap.) Môžete teda v minulom čase naraziť na tvar founded, ktorý však nie je tvarom slovesa find! Napr. He founded a city. - Založil mesto. ALE He found a city. - Našiel mesto.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 9277

    • Doplňte tvary slovies v jednoduchom minulom čase a prečítajte.

    3 Where did you go last night? - We swimming.
    17 What time did you wake up? - I up at six o'clock.
    1 What did he want? - He to ask you something.
    10 Who did you tell? - I nobody!
    4 How did you get there? - I there by bus.
    7 How much money did you give her? - I her nothing.
    11 Did she know about it? - No, she nothing!
    6 When did you send it? - I it two hours ago.
    16 When did she come? - She at six p.m.
    14 What did they drink? - They beer.
    12 How long did it take? - It about two hours.
    13 Did you buy any food? - No, I only milk.
    5 What time did they leave? - They at five.
    9 Did you read it? - I it twice.
    2 Did John bring those books? - No, I them.
    8 What did you find? - I this.
    15 Did Bob make this? - No, I it.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 9278

    • Tvorte zo slov vety v jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 It, be cold?
    13 I, cannot, get up.
    10 When, he, call?
    11 I, tell him about it.
    4 he, buy, her flowers.
    3 the children, be, good?
    1 We, go there, yesterday.
    14 she, lose, the money.
    6 I, think so.
    5 who, bring, the books?
    2 she, call, you?
    12 Who, give you this?
    9 She, leave, a minute ago.
    7 we, have to wait.

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 9279

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Did he help you?
    • 2 How was your day?
    • 3 How much did you give her?
    • 4 Did you sleep well?
    • 5 Were his friends there too?
    • 6 Did you call her?
    • 7 How did they know?
    • 8 How long did it take?
    • a I gave her a hundred euros.
    • f No. I only slept 3 hours.
    • d No, he had no time.
    • e Not bad. And yours?
    • g It took about three days.
    • c No, they couldn't come.
    • h No, I sent her a message.
    • b I told them about it.

    Spojenie not bad sa bežne užíva vo význame celkom dobré, ide to ap.

    Exercise 8

  • sentence
  • 9281

    • Napíšte neurčitky slovies, ktoré počujete použité vo vetách v minulom čase.

    6
    10
    11
    9
    1
    2
    12
    5
    4
    8
    7
    3

    Exercise 9

  • fil
  • 9282

    • Doplňte správnu časovú predložku - before alebo ago.

    7 I never go to bed ten.
    8 We met a long time .
    4 He arrived a few minutes me.
    5 We visited the city three years .
    9 How long was it?
    10 I'll be back midnight.
    2 We spoke about it a week at my place.
    3 Bob called me two days .
    1 Try to be there nine o'clock.
    6 I saw him two days his departure.

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 9283

    • Upravte vety z budúceho času do minulého. Všímajte si analógie.

    6 Jane will make dinner.
    2 Bob will come alone.
    12 I won't tell him!
    7 We'll go there together.
    10 Will you go there?
    3 They'll speak about us.
    8 He'll give it to her.
    5 You'll break it.
    13 Who will buy it?
    14 I'll let him know.
    1 She'll be there.
    11 When will she come?
    9 Will they send it?
    4 I'll send it to you.

    Sloveso let má vo všetkých časoch rovnaký tvar, teda aj v minulom čase. Iba v čase prítomnom jednoduchom má s 3. osobou jednotného čísla tvar lets. Napr.: (minulý čas) She let him sleep. - Nechala ho spať., (prítomný čas jednoduchý) She lets him sleep. - Necháva ho spať. ap. Nezamieňajte však lets (pre 3. osobu) a výzvu let's - let us! Napr. Let's go!

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 9285

    • Odpovedzte na otázky celou vetou podľa slov v pomôckach.

    5 What did you buy? bananas
    9 How long did it take? 1 hour
    10 Did Bob lose it? no, I
    11 Did he make any mistakes? many
    1 How did you go there? by car
    8 Did they agree? no
    3 When did you get up? at six
    14 What did you speak about? you
    7 Did anybody call? nobody
    16 What did you drink? beer
    12 Did you get my message? no
    4 Who did you send it to? Bob
    15 What did he tell you? nothing
    13 What did he know? nothing
    2 When did he leave? an hour ago
    6 Where did you meet? on the bus

    Slovo drunk je 3. tvar (minulé príčastie - PP) slovesa drink, ale tiež prídavné meno opitý. Podobné je to s mnohými anglickými slovesami, napr. so slovesom break a jeho tvarom broken (rozbitý, zlomený), give - given (daný), find - found (nájdený), know - known (známy) či so slovesom go a tvarom gone. Spojenie be gone znamená byť preč. He's gone. - Je preč. (Odišiel.)

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 9287

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 I spent the weekend at home.
    4 John bought the drinks.
    3 We met at John's place.
    2 Jane went there alone.
    7 We had a good time.
    8 They sent it last week.
    10 We stayed in a hotel.
    1 We left home at seven.
    6 We spoke about her.
    9 We got there by car.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 9288

    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    10 Tie peniaze si nechala. keep
    11 Kde si sa narodil? be born
    12 Videl som ju včera. see
    13 Trvalo mu to dva dni. take
    6 Dal som mu vedieť. let know
    1 Nechcel prísť. want to come
    4 Počul som o tom. hear
    3 Písal som im. write to
    9 Nemohol som prísť. cannot
    7 Musela odísť. have to leave
    8 Zobudil ma o piatej. wake up
    5 Našiel to a poslal. find, send
    2 Rozviedli sa. get divorced

    What took you so long? možno preložiť ako: Čo ti trvalo tak dlho?

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 9290

    • Tvorte zo slov nepriame rozkazy pomocou let a tell.

    12 your mum, not, worry
    8 your father, not, sleep
    11 my parents, not, leave
    5 she, learn it
    9 children, not, watch TV
    3 they, sit down
    10 she, not, lose it
    2 she, come tomorrow
    7 they, send it to me
    1 he, call me.
    4 John, stay in bed
    6 he, take care of it

    Don't worry (about it). znamená Nerob si (s tým) starosti., Netráp sa tým. Fázu: Let me worry about that. možno ho preložiť ako: O to sa postarám ja.

    Exercise 15

  • sentence
  • 9292

    • Tvorte z kladných viet záporné vety a naopak.

    10 He took English lessons.
    4 They didn't sleep together.
    7 I thought so.
    12 I saw her yesterday.
    8 We didn't go there by car.
    11 They didn't have to wait.
    6 He kept the money.
    5 We spent the night there.
    3 I wasn't able to do that.
    9 I didn't try it.
    1 She went there alone.
    2 They didn't bring any money.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 9293

    • Prečítajte nahlas časové údaje celými slovami.

    1 in the year 1898
    2 in the 1980s
    6 in the early 1950s
    8 from 1917 to 2016
    4 phone No. 678850777
    5 room No. 1068
    7 in 1308
    3 on May 13, 2011

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 9294

    • Napíšte čísla a údaje, ktoré budete počuť.

    2
    3
    4
    5
    1

    Exercise 18

  • sentence
  • 9295

    • Preložte výzvy pomocou slovesa let. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehovorme o tom. speak about
    5 Poďme ku mne. go, my place
    10 Neponáhľajme sa! hurry
    6 Nestrácajme čas! waste time
    3 Porozprávajme sa. talk
    7 Nehádajme sa! argue
    1 Poďme peši. walk
    9 Nemyslime na to! think about
    2 Dajme si pauzu. have a break
    4 Sadnime si tu. sit here

    Exercise 19

  • sentence
  • 9296

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce údaje.

    5 Jane is Jack's daughter and Jack is Mary's son. Jane is Mary's ...
    7 Kate is Frank's and Jane's mother. That means that Frank and Jane are ...
    11 Mary was married, but her husband died. She is now a ...
    2 John is an only child. He's got ... siblings.
    10 John is a little boy, but his parents died. John is now an ...
    8 Frank is Mary's husband and Mary is Frank's ...
    9 Bob doesn't have a wife and he has no girlfriend or boyfriend. He's ...
    1 Jane was born in 1990. She was 20 years old in ...
    6 Mary is Bob's grandma and Jack is Bob's grandpa. Mary and Jack are his ...
    3 Mary is Bob's grandma. Bob is Mary's ...
    12 John and Bob are good friends. They get ... well.
    4 Jane is Frank's granddaughter. Frank is her ...

    Zapamätajte si termín marital status (ˈmærɪtəl ˈsteɪtəs) - rodinný stav. Môžete sa s ním často stretnúť pri vypĺňaní formulárov. Typicky sa do kolónky vypĺňa jeden z termínov: single (slobodný/slobodná), married (ženatý/vydatá), divorced (rozvedený/rozvedená), separated (žijúci oddelene) či ev. widowed (ovdovený/ovdovená).

    Exercise 20

  • sentence
  • 9298

    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    20 Nehovorme o tom!
    19 Zabudnime na to.
    18 Zabudol som mu to povedať.
    2 Boli ste tam tiež?
    17 Nechal som to na tvojom stole.
    7 Odišla pred minútou.
    13 Stretol som ho včera.
    3 Neboli doma.
    14 Videl som ju minulý týždeň.
    8 Čo si robil včera večer?
    1 Bol som tam včera.
    6 Kedy volala?
    16 Skúšal som to dvakrát.
    12 Dostal som od neho správu.
    15 Jej priateľ pred rokom zomrel.
    9 Nemohol som ho zastihnúť.
    5 Išiel tam sám?
    11 Poslala mi správu.
    4 Kto tam išiel?
    10 Urobil si chybu.

    Slovo alone znamená slovensky sám, ale iba ak hovoríme, že niekto je bez sprievodu, osamotený ap. Napr.: I live alone. - Bývam sám., Leave me alone. - Nechajte ma (o samote). Ak chceme vyjadriť, že niekto niečo urobil sám (bez cudzej pomoci), treba použiť zvratné zámeno, ktoré mení tvary podľa osoby: I - myself, you - yourself, he - himself. Napr. “Urobil som to sám.” - I did it myself., “Vyrobil to sám.” - He made it himself. ap. Viac pozri Zvratné zámená v Lekcii 11.

    Pozor na rozdiel vo význame medzi friend a boyfriend pri preklade slovenského priateľ! Friend je všeobecne priateľ ako kamarát. Boyfriend resp. girlfriend je priateľ resp. priateľka ako partner či partnerka v ľúbostnom vzťahu.