Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 9270

    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte. Všímajte si stavbu anglickej vety a tvary slovies.

    7 Who told you that?
    16 He began to worry.
    9 I saw him this morning.
    14 We had to stay there.
    6 I spoke with him yesterday.
    2 We had no money.
    12 I got no message from him.
    8 I thought so.
    1 She helped me.
    13 Sorry, I couldn't come.
    15 I wasn't able to find it.
    3 Jane was here an hour ago.
    5 I was single when we met.
    10 We went dancing last night.
    18 He broke his arm.
    4 Nobody knew about it.
    17 I found it in my pocket.
    11 She left a few minutes ago.

    Všimnite si použitie anglického privlastňovacieho zámena na vyjadrenie slovenského si (niečo spôsobiť či urobiť sám sebe). Napr. She broke her leg. - Zlomila si nohu. (Zlomila svoju nohu.), He put it in his pocket. - Dal si to do vrecka., He broke his phone. - Rozbil si telefón., She tied her hair. - Zviazala si vlasy. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • fil
  • 9272

    • Doplňte správne tvary slovesa be v jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 I at work and they at home.
    10 Me and my sister afraid.
    3 There no money and she angry.
    7 The children very happy.
    6 Their dog with them.
    8 My brother not there.
    4 you there too? No, I not.
    9 There parties every day.
    1 Where you last night?
    5 Our parents not at home.

    Pozor na rozdiel vo výslovnosti where a were! Where were you? wεəˈwɜːjuː

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 9274

    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 She knew about it.
    • 2 Where were you born?
    • 3 We spoke about you.
    • 4 I gave him some money.
    • 5 He bought a car.
    • 6 We spent two days there.
    • 7 I made a mistake.
    • 8 I wasn't at home.
    • e Urobil som chybu.
    • d Nebol som doma.
    • g Kde si sa narodil?
    • a Hovorili sme o tebe.
    • b Dal som mu nejaké peniaze.
    • c Strávili sme tam dva dni.
    • f Kúpil si auto.
    • h Vedela o tom.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 9275

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 They made/met/took on the bus and went/gave/became friends.
    8 Did she get the car from him? - No, she bought/thought/felt it.
    1 She couldn't come. She brought/broke/bought her leg.
    6 When did he bring it? - He broke/brought/became it an hour ago.
    4 What did he want? - He found/felt/came to speak to you.
    7 Where did they get the money? - They spent/sat/sold their house.
    5 Did you call him? - No, I spoke/sent/spent him a message.
    3 Did you walk? - No, we went/got/met by car.
    2 He had no money. I gave/gone/given him 20 dollars.

    Pozor! Niektoré nepravidelné tvary bežných anglických slovies majú aj celkom iné významy. Napr. tvar saw je po slovensky aj podstatné meno píla, tvar thought je tiež myšlienka, tvar broke je aj prídavné meno znamenajúce na mizine, bez peňazí. Napr.: I'm broke. - Som na mizine., Som bez peňazí. Found je tvar slovesa find, ale tiež infinitív pravidelného slovesa, ktoré znamená založiť (organizáciu ap.) Môžete teda v minulom čase naraziť na tvar founded, ktorý však nie je tvarom slovesa find! Napr. He founded a city. - Založil mesto. ALE He found a city. - Našiel mesto.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 9277

    • Doplňte tvary slovies v jednoduchom minulom čase a prečítajte.

    7 How much money did you give her? - I her nothing.
    17 What time did you wake up? - I up at six o'clock.
    3 Where did you go last night? - We swimming.
    16 When did she come? - She at six p.m.
    1 What did he want? - He to ask you something.
    12 How long did it take? - It about two hours.
    5 What time did they leave? - They at five.
    2 Did John bring those books? - No, I them.
    14 What did they drink? - They beer.
    8 What did you find? - I this.
    10 Who did you tell? - I nobody!
    11 Did she know about it? - No, she nothing!
    4 How did you get there? - I there by bus.
    13 Did you buy any food? - No, I only milk.
    15 Did Bob make this? - No, I it.
    6 When did you send it? - I it two hours ago.
    9 Did you read it? - I it twice.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 9278

    • Tvorte zo slov vety v jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 She, leave, a minute ago.
    10 When, he, call?
    4 he, buy, her flowers.
    11 I, tell him about it.
    6 I, think so.
    8 It, be cold?
    13 I, cannot, get up.
    1 We, go there, yesterday.
    5 who, bring, the books?
    7 we, have to wait.
    3 the children, be, good?
    12 Who, give you this?
    2 she, call, you?
    14 she, lose, the money.

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 9279

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Did he help you?
    • 2 How was your day?
    • 3 How much did you give her?
    • 4 Did you sleep well?
    • 5 Were his friends there too?
    • 6 Did you call her?
    • 7 How did they know?
    • 8 How long did it take?
    • g It took about three days.
    • a I gave her a hundred euros.
    • d No, he had no time.
    • b I told them about it.
    • c No, they couldn't come.
    • f No. I only slept 3 hours.
    • h No, I sent her a message.
    • e Not bad. And yours?

    Spojenie not bad sa bežne užíva vo význame celkom dobré, ide to ap.

    Exercise 8

  • sentence
  • 9281

    • Napíšte neurčitky slovies, ktoré počujete použité vo vetách v minulom čase.

    3
    10
    2
    5
    9
    6
    7
    1
    4
    12
    11
    8

    Exercise 9

  • fil
  • 9282

    • Doplňte správnu časovú predložku - before alebo ago.

    8 We met a long time .
    2 We spoke about it a week at my place.
    4 He arrived a few minutes me.
    3 Bob called me two days .
    10 I'll be back midnight.
    6 I saw him two days his departure.
    5 We visited the city three years .
    9 How long was it?
    7 I never go to bed ten.
    1 Try to be there nine o'clock.

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 9283

    • Upravte vety z budúceho času do minulého. Všímajte si analógie.

    3 They'll speak about us.
    8 He'll give it to her.
    5 You'll break it.
    7 We'll go there together.
    12 I won't tell him!
    11 When will she come?
    6 Jane will make dinner.
    2 Bob will come alone.
    13 Who will buy it?
    10 Will you go there?
    9 Will they send it?
    1 She'll be there.
    14 I'll let him know.
    4 I'll send it to you.

    Sloveso let má vo všetkých časoch rovnaký tvar, teda aj v minulom čase. Iba v čase prítomnom jednoduchom má s 3. osobou jednotného čísla tvar lets. Napr.: (minulý čas) She let him sleep. - Nechala ho spať., (prítomný čas jednoduchý) She lets him sleep. - Necháva ho spať. ap. Nezamieňajte však lets (pre 3. osobu) a výzvu let's - let us! Napr. Let's go!

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 9285

    • Odpovedzte na otázky celou vetou podľa slov v pomôckach.

    9 How long did it take? 1 hour
    6 Where did you meet? on the bus
    16 What did you drink? beer
    2 When did he leave? an hour ago
    4 Who did you send it to? Bob
    13 What did he know? nothing
    12 Did you get my message? no
    7 Did anybody call? nobody
    15 What did he tell you? nothing
    10 Did Bob lose it? no, I
    14 What did you speak about? you
    1 How did you go there? by car
    3 When did you get up? at six
    11 Did he make any mistakes? many
    8 Did they agree? no
    5 What did you buy? bananas

    Slovo drunk je 3. tvar (minulé príčastie - PP) slovesa drink, ale tiež prídavné meno opitý. Podobné je to s mnohými anglickými slovesami, napr. so slovesom break a jeho tvarom broken (rozbitý, zlomený), give - given (daný), find - found (nájdený), know - known (známy) či so slovesom go a tvarom gone. Spojenie be gone znamená byť preč. He's gone. - Je preč. (Odišiel.)

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 9287

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 They sent it last week.
    10 We stayed in a hotel.
    1 We left home at seven.
    5 I spent the weekend at home.
    4 John bought the drinks.
    9 We got there by car.
    3 We met at John's place.
    2 Jane went there alone.
    6 We spoke about her.
    7 We had a good time.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 9288

    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    2 Rozviedli sa. get divorced
    6 Dal som mu vedieť. let know
    8 Zobudil ma o piatej. wake up
    11 Kde si sa narodil? be born
    10 Tie peniaze si nechala. keep
    7 Musela odísť. have to leave
    5 Našiel to a poslal. find, send
    1 Nechcel prísť. want to come
    4 Počul som o tom. hear
    12 Videl som ju včera. see
    13 Trvalo mu to dva dni. take
    9 Nemohol som prísť. cannot
    3 Písal som im. write to

    What took you so long? možno preložiť ako: Čo ti trvalo tak dlho?

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 9290

    • Tvorte zo slov nepriame rozkazy pomocou let a tell.

    3 they, sit down
    2 she, come tomorrow
    6 he, take care of it
    11 my parents, not, leave
    4 John, stay in bed
    8 your father, not, sleep
    5 she, learn it
    9 children, not, watch TV
    12 your mum, not, worry
    7 they, send it to me
    10 she, not, lose it
    1 he, call me.

    Don't worry (about it). znamená Nerob si (s tým) starosti., Netráp sa tým. Fázu: Let me worry about that. možno ho preložiť ako: O to sa postarám ja.

    Exercise 15

  • sentence
  • 9292

    • Tvorte z kladných viet záporné vety a naopak.

    5 We spent the night there.
    2 They didn't bring any money.
    3 I wasn't able to do that.
    8 We didn't go there by car.
    1 She went there alone.
    10 He took English lessons.
    9 I didn't try it.
    12 I saw her yesterday.
    4 They didn't sleep together.
    7 I thought so.
    11 They didn't have to wait.
    6 He kept the money.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 9293

    • Prečítajte nahlas časové údaje celými slovami.

    8 from 1917 to 2016
    7 in 1308
    6 in the early 1950s
    5 room No. 1068
    4 phone No. 678850777
    2 in the 1980s
    1 in the year 1898
    3 on May 13, 2011

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 9294

    • Napíšte čísla a údaje, ktoré budete počuť.

    4
    2
    5
    1
    3

    Exercise 18

  • sentence
  • 9295

    • Preložte výzvy pomocou slovesa let. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Porozprávajme sa. talk
    8 Nehovorme o tom. speak about
    7 Nehádajme sa! argue
    6 Nestrácajme čas! waste time
    9 Nemyslime na to! think about
    10 Neponáhľajme sa! hurry
    5 Poďme ku mne. go, my place
    2 Dajme si pauzu. have a break
    1 Poďme peši. walk
    4 Sadnime si tu. sit here

    Exercise 19

  • sentence
  • 9296

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce údaje.

    5 Jane is Jack's daughter and Jack is Mary's son. Jane is Mary's ...
    12 John and Bob are good friends. They get ... well.
    1 Jane was born in 1990. She was 20 years old in ...
    11 Mary was married, but her husband died. She is now a ...
    7 Kate is Frank's and Jane's mother. That means that Frank and Jane are ...
    2 John is an only child. He's got ... siblings.
    4 Jane is Frank's granddaughter. Frank is her ...
    3 Mary is Bob's grandma. Bob is Mary's ...
    6 Mary is Bob's grandma and Jack is Bob's grandpa. Mary and Jack are his ...
    10 John is a little boy, but his parents died. John is now an ...
    8 Frank is Mary's husband and Mary is Frank's ...
    9 Bob doesn't have a wife and he has no girlfriend or boyfriend. He's ...

    Zapamätajte si termín marital status (ˈmærɪtəl ˈsteɪtəs) - rodinný stav. Môžete sa s ním často stretnúť pri vypĺňaní formulárov. Typicky sa do kolónky vypĺňa jeden z termínov: single (slobodný/slobodná), married (ženatý/vydatá), divorced (rozvedený/rozvedená), separated (žijúci oddelene) či ev. widowed (ovdovený/ovdovená).

    Exercise 20

  • sentence
  • 9298

    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    12 Dostal som od neho správu.
    8 Čo si robil včera večer?
    4 Kto tam išiel?
    9 Nemohol som ho zastihnúť.
    14 Videl som ju minulý týždeň.
    17 Nechal som to na tvojom stole.
    15 Jej priateľ pred rokom zomrel.
    20 Nehovorme o tom!
    18 Zabudol som mu to povedať.
    11 Poslala mi správu.
    19 Zabudnime na to.
    16 Skúšal som to dvakrát.
    13 Stretol som ho včera.
    7 Odišla pred minútou.
    10 Urobil si chybu.
    1 Bol som tam včera.
    6 Kedy volala?
    5 Išiel tam sám?
    2 Boli ste tam tiež?
    3 Neboli doma.

    Slovo alone znamená slovensky sám, ale iba ak hovoríme, že niekto je bez sprievodu, osamotený ap. Napr.: I live alone. - Bývam sám., Leave me alone. - Nechajte ma (o samote). Ak chceme vyjadriť, že niekto niečo urobil sám (bez cudzej pomoci), treba použiť zvratné zámeno, ktoré mení tvary podľa osoby: I - myself, you - yourself, he - himself. Napr. “Urobil som to sám.” - I did it myself., “Vyrobil to sám.” - He made it himself. ap. Viac pozri Zvratné zámená v Lekcii 11.

    Pozor na rozdiel vo význame medzi friend a boyfriend pri preklade slovenského priateľ! Friend je všeobecne priateľ ako kamarát. Boyfriend resp. girlfriend je priateľ resp. priateľka ako partner či partnerka v ľúbostnom vzťahu.